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C3 Chemicals in Our Lives – Risks & Benefits

C3 Chemicals in Our Lives – Risks & Benefits. Lesson 10 : Industrial Chemicals. Objectives. MUST discuss possible risks from products of the chemical industry SHOULD explain that chemicals may remain in the environment for a long time

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C3 Chemicals in Our Lives – Risks & Benefits

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  1. C3 Chemicals in Our Lives – Risks & Benefits Lesson 10: Industrial Chemicals

  2. Objectives • MUSTdiscuss possible risks from products of the chemical industry • SHOULD explain that chemicals may remain in the environment for a long time • COULD consider how we make decisions about the risks from chemicals

  3. KeyWords • You need to be able to define the following:

  4. Textbook Answers 1) The elements are still present/are not destroyed. 2) Sodium cyanide; it is more toxic. 3) Mercury absorbed by plants  eaten by fish  eaten by larger fish that travelled to Arctic  eaten by Inuit; small amounts of mercury accumulated up the food chain. 4) What hazards lithium presents; how much is needed to be a danger to health; how much is used; the probability that it will be released from the batteries; what or who might come into contact with it. 5) Some may have hazards that have not been suspected; may be using larger quantities; may be used for different purposes. 6) Answers relating to risk assessments of new and old chemicals; people’s perception of risk; familiar/unfamiliar.

  5. Worksheet Answers Activity 1 (Low demand) 1) a) D (flammable); b) A (corrosive); c) B (toxic); d) C (harmful) 2) Label should say what the product is for; what the hazard is; explain the hazard. 3) The main point is that the atom is indestructible; it may get eaten by microbes or animals, washed into rivers, buried underground, but it always survives.

  6. Worksheet Answers Activity 2 (Standard demand) 1) Plankton  shrimp  fish  eagle 2) Answer based on pyramid of mass; the DDT from millions of plankton ends up in the eagle. 3) It does not decompose; is washed by wind and rain and ocean currents around the world. 4)Advantages: safer for the environment because they are broken down quickly; do not rise up the food chain. Disadvantages: do not remain to kill pests over a period of time; have to be reapplied so perhaps more is needed. 5) Use of DDT has been allowed in some places for interior use, where it cannot escape into the environment . 7) E.g. disinfectant containing chlorine: 0.1% in the air is fatal if breathed for a few deep breaths; a few grams may be given off if disinfectants are mixed; low chance if instructions followed but a high chance if disinfectants mixed; make sure chlorine disinfectants are kept separate from other types; there are alternative disinfectants.

  7. Worksheet Answers Activity 3 (High demand) 1) a) Check safety data; if necessary carry out tests. b) People more likely to perceive high risks in the unfamiliar; evidence that the new chemical is safer than the traditional substances – good advertising. 2) a) There are alternatives to the LD50 test. b) No; chemicals in the cosmetics may have been tested in other contexts; traditional ingredients may have hazards that have not been tested (e.g. soap is an irritant). c) Use of tissue cultures and microbiological tests.

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