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Charlemagne and the early Middle ages. Week Eight. p etros = rock. Peter. petrify. Petra. g eo/terra = earth/land. t erra cotta. terrier. geology. Charlemagne and the early Middle ages. Week Eight. I. Aachen Chapel.
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Charlemagne and the early Middle ages Week Eight
petros = rock Peter petrify Petra
geo/terra = earth/land terra cotta terrier geology
Charlemagne and the early Middle ages Week Eight
Charlemagne’s Aachen Cathedral reflects the succession of the ancient Roman emperors and the Christianizing of Europe.
II. Charlemagne • Einhard’s hagiographical description • Reality: a barbarian Christian conqueror
bio/viv= life revive victuals biology
dict = speak verdict dictator benediction
III. The Making of Barbarian Kingdoms A. Italian Ostrogoths • Theodoric the Great: Roman civil government and Germanic kingship • From chaos to Lombard rule after Theodoric’s death B. Spanish Visigoths • Wealthy and desirable territory • Muslims overthrow the Visigoths and establish caliphate in 711 Ostrogoths
III. The Making of Barbarian Kingdoms C. Anglo-Saxons • Little kingdoms • Conversion to Christianity, as chronicled by Bede • Syncretism and Beowulf: story that chronicles the adventures of a hero who saves the Danes from the terrible monster Grendel Bede
III. The Making of Barbarian Kingdoms D. Franks • Client state of Rome • Clovis and conquest (486 CE); conversion to Christianity; launches the Merovingian dynasty Baptism of Clovis
IV. Charlemagne and the Carolingians A. Charles Martel • Rise of aristocracy over kingdom. Why? 1. Military: scorched earth and absolute fidelity 2. Religious: loyalty and religious posts; church-state collusion Pippin
IV. Charlemagne and the Carolingians B. Charlemagne • Conquest: Pippin’s son defeats the Lombards, Saxons, Avars, Muslims • Government: a crude Roman administration
Carolingian Renaissance 1. Spiritual renewal • The protector of all Christians under the Pope’s obedience • Rome crowns Charlemagne emperor in 800 2. Intellectual renewal • Education: establishes schools; recruits intellectuals • Fusion of Germanic and Roman art
V. After Charlemagne A. Overextension: not enough infrastructure B. Division of the kingdom C. Threats from outside D. Return to aristocracies E. Christianity spreads
Epilogue • Charlemagne’s death • 814: buried under Palatine Chapel in imperial robes