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Dr. Sneh Kalia

Dr. Sneh Kalia. Professor of Physics Saint Cloud State University. Hindu Dharma or Sanatan Dharma is world’s oldest living dharma (philosophy and way of life) Hindu dharma has no founder, the word Sanatan implies that it always existed It is third largest religion in the world

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Dr. Sneh Kalia

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  1. Dr. Sneh Kalia Professor of Physics Saint Cloud State University SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  2. Hindu Dharma or Sanatan Dharma is world’s oldest living dharma (philosophy and way of life) • Hindu dharma has no founder, the word Sanatan implies that it always existed • It is third largest religion in the world • 98% of Hindus live in Indian subcontinent • Nepal is the only nation in the world with Hinduism as its state religion SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

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  4. There is One God (Supreme Reality) perceived • Hindi Deities represent various perceptions of One God SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  5. Hinduism is flexible and provide many ways to develop one’s spiritual ideas in order to suit individual needs “Unity in the diverse plan of Nature” is recognized. All gods and goddesses represent humans, animals or natural forces such as wind, water, fire and moon, each has different powers to bless the world SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  6. Hindu Trinity represents three manifestation of the Supreme Reality SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  7. Lord Brahma Creation SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  8. Lord Brahma and Saraswati SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  9. Goddess Saraswati • Is the consort or wife of Lord Brahma and possesses the powers of speech, wisdom and learning • She has four hands representing four aspects of learning. • Mind, Intellect, Alertness, Ego SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  10. Lord Vishnu Preservation SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  11. Lord Vishnu and Lakshmi SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  12. Goddess Lakshmi • Goddess Lakshmi is the consort or wife of Lord Vishnu and is the goddess of prosperity, purity, chastity and generosity. SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  13. Lord Shiva Destruction SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  14. Lord Shiva and Parvati SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  15. Goddess Parvati • Goddess Parvati is the wife (consort) of Lord Shiva and exists in various divine (both friendly and fearful) forms. Two of her fierce but very powerful forms are Durga (goddess beyond reach) and Kali (goddess of destruction). SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  16. Three Cosmic Functions of Supreme Lord Generator + Operator + Destroyer = God SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  17. India is the original home of the Mother Goddess The complementary nature of male and female energies is valued in Hindu society and deemed essential to achieve balance within the gods and within mortals. SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  18. Mother Nature: Prakriti MaMother Earth: Prithvi MaMother Land: Bharat Mata SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  19. Devi Annapuurnaa –is presiding deity of Foodgrains • Ganga Devi, Yamuna Devi, and so on have been manifested as rivers to feed mankind. • Forests that provide us with so many resources are said to be presided over by Vandevi. SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  20. Sacred Texts • The primary sacred texts are the Vedas: Rig Veda Sama Veda Yajur Veda Atharva Veda • Ramayana: a story with moral and spiritual theme • Mahabharata: Bhagavad-Gitais one of the book of Mahabharata SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  21. Four basic Attainments of Life: SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  22. Dharma • Righteousness and good moral and ethical practices • Includes all duties – individual, social and religious SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  23. Artha (Wealth) • One must earn enough wealth in order to raise a family and maintain a household • Wealth must not be for holding but for sharing with those who are poor or less fortunate • Dharma and Artha must be coordinated in order to earn decent living while recognizing that Artha is not an ultimate goal SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  24. Kama • Satisfaction of genuine human desires such as art, music, love, affection, clothes and jewelry etc. are not suppressed • Through controlled satisfaction of these desires an individual becomes free from Kama SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  25. Moksha • To make an individual a better person so that he/she can live harmoniously in this world and seek union with God • Freedom from desires and passion is necessary for attaining Moksha and is made possible by the proper coordination of dharma, artha and kama SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  26. Follow Ten Great Observances: • Patience, firmness and stability (Dhruti) • Forgiveness (Kshama) • Self-control and contentment (Dama) • Not be selfish (Astaya) • Purity and honesty SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  27. Control over senses (Indriya Nigraha) • Right knowledge of scriptures (Dhee) • Knowledge and study (Vidya) • Truth (Satya) • Absence of anger (Akrodha) SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  28. Four Stages of Hindu Life SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  29. Brahamacharya Ashrama • Begins when a child enters school at an early age and continues until he or she has finished all schooling • The goal is to acquire knowledge build character and learn to shoulder responsibilities SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  30. Grahastha Ashrama • This stage begins at marriage • In this stage an individual pays debt by serving God and Ancestors • Enjoys good and noble things in life in accordance with Artha-Kama-Moksha SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  31. Vanaprastha Ashrama • When one’s children have reached adulthood one enters this stage • In this stage one gradually withdraws from active life and begins devoting more time to study of scriptures and meditation SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  32. Sanyasna Ashrama This is the final stage of life in which an individual mentally renounces all worldly ties, spends time in meditating and ponders over mysteries of life SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  33. AUM SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  34. AUM • The most sacred symbol is the sound of the infinite • By sound and form AUM symbolizes the ultimate reality and the entire universe • The character is a composite of three different letters of the Sanskrit alphabets and represents the Trinity • This sacred symbol is spoken before any chants to remember God SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  35. Swastika SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  36. SWASTIKA • Is regarded as a divine symbol by Hindus • The word means auspicious in the Sanskrit language and hence is used to symbolize the welcoming of auspiciousness and driving away evils • The symbol represents the changing of the universe around the unchanging nature of God SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  37. Welcome Namaskar SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

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  40. The daily ritual of Puja is performed in a Home Shrine or Puja Room SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  41. Prayers • Hindu prayer always end with three chants of invocation- “Aum Shanti, Shanti, Shanti Aum” • The three repetition are addressed to three groups into which all obstacles can be classified • Cosmic – earth quakes, lightning (Aadhidaivika) • Phenomenal – robbers, wild beast (Aadhibhautika) • Subjective – body ailments, agitation of mind, negative thought (Aadhyaatmika) SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  42. Karma The central doctrine of Hinduism is Karma. Karma (or destiny) means the quality of somebody's current and future lives as determined by that person's behavior in this and in previous lives SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

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  44. The holy dot or bindi is an auspicious makeup worn by Hindu women on their forehead.  • It is usually a red dot made with vermilion (finely powdered bright red mercuric sulphide). SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  45. Traditionally a symbol of marriage it has now become a decorative item and is worn today by unmarried girls and women of other religions as well.  • No longer restricted in color or shape, bindis today are seen in many colors and designs and are manufactured with self-adhesives and felt. SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  46. Hindu Wedding • Jaimala (Exchange of Garlands) • Kanyadan (Giving away of the Bride) • Havan – the God of Fire – witness their commitment to each other • Gath Bandhan (Tying of the Nuptial Knot) • Saptapadi ( seven Steps together) • Sindhoor ( Red Powder) • Aashirwad ( Parental Blessings) SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

  47. Death • Hindus believe in reincarnation and view death as the soul moving from one body to the next on its path to reach Nirvana • Hindus cremate their dead, believing that the burning of a body signifies the release of the spirit and that the flames represent Brahma, the creator • 13 days mourning period • Shradh – annual event – giving food to the poor in memory of the deceased SCSU-Faculty Forum Day

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