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World War I

World War I. 1914-1919. The Stage is Set. “World Peace” Nationalism Distrust and Alliances Rivalries. Assassination in Sarajevo. Causes of War- Assassination and alliances Germany’s Schlieffen Plan- attack quickly against France to avoid a two front war with Russia Trench Warfare.

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World War I

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  1. World War I 1914-1919

  2. The Stage is Set • “World Peace” • Nationalism • Distrust and Alliances • Rivalries

  3. Assassination in Sarajevo • Causes of War- Assassination and alliances • Germany’s Schlieffen Plan- attack quickly against France to avoid a two front war with Russia • Trench Warfare

  4. Technology of Modern Warfare • Machine gun • Zeppelins (hot air balloons) • Airplanes • Artillery • Poison gas • Submarines- “Undersee boats”/ “U-Boats”

  5. Total War • Economic Impact • Conscription- “the draft” • Gov. raised taxes, borrowed money, set prices, forbid strikes • Propaganda War • Impact on Women • War work gave a new sense of pride and confidence

  6. Revolution in Russia 1917 • Collapsing Morale • Russia withdraws from WWI in 1918 after Revolution • Impact on the War • With Russia out of the struggle, Germany could concentrate its forces on the Western Front • Central Powers poised for huge offensive in Spring of 1918

  7. US Declares War, 1917 • Unrestricted v. Restricted submarine warfare • Sinking of Lusitania • Zimmerman Telegram • Mexico would reconquer NM, AZ, and TX • Declaring War • Wilson, “war to end war” • Morale Boost to allied forces • German offensive, Allied counter attack • Armistice signed 11am on Nov. 11, 1918

  8. The Paris Peace Conference • Big Three • David Lloyd George: Britain, Georges Clemenceau: France, Woodrow Wilson: US • The Fourteen Points • #14: est. of a “League of Nations”- a group of nations acts to preserve the peace of all • Eventually fails because it couldn’t enforce legislation (all bark and no bite) • US congress does not ratify eventual treaty

  9. Treaty of Versailles, 1919 • Germans forced to accept full blame for causing war • Reparations- payments for war damage • Destruction caused by war + allied soldiers pensions= 30 billion • Limited size of German military, Returned Alsace-Lorraine valley to France, & stripped Germany of overseas colonies • Draws new national lines creating new nations • Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia (dominated by Serbia), Austria and Hungary separated • Widespread Dissatisfaction • Italy, Japan, Russia

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