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1. The Conduction of energy can be compared to a line of people passing a series of balls from one to another along the line. The people would represent molecules and the balls would represent energy. If in a crowded room a few people (molecules) could push their way across the room
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1. The Conduction of energy can be compared to a line of people passing a series of balls from one to another along the line. The people would represent molecules and the balls would represent energy. If in a crowded room a few people (molecules) could push their way across the room whilst carrying a ball (energy), this would be like a Convection current. Radiation is like someone throwing a ball (the energy) from one person (the molecule) at one end of a room, to another person (another molecule), at the other end of the room. DRAW diagrams to illustrate the processes of conduction, convection and radiation.
2. watch thermometer copper rod flame From the illustrations above, 1. DESCRIBE what is happening. 2. EXPLAIN what is happening.
3. Potassium permanganate crystal watch beaker of clear water purple stain flame From the illustrations above, 1. DESCRIBE what is happening. 2. EXPLAIN what is happening.
4. watch thermometer soot blackened bulb to thermometer separation of 0.5m flame From the illustrations above, 1. DESCRIBE what is happening. 2. EXPLAIN what is happening.
The ends of the thermometers have been painted (1) silver (2) white (3) shiny black (4) matt black. 5. 1 2 3 4 Lamp RECORD your observations DRAW a CONCULSION
Lesley’s cube is filled with boiling water or boiling oil. 6. Shiny black surface Silver surface Matt black surface White surface The bulbs of the thermometers are coated in matt black paint LOOK at the thermometers carefully. RECORD your observations. What do you CONCLUDE ? DECIDE what must you be sure of for this to be a fair test?
6. temperature difference energy IN energy OUT 1m thickness area of 1m x 1m Here is a table of values for how much energy, in Joules per second, or Watts, that can pass across opposite faces of a block of material that is 1m x1m x1m when the temperature difference is 1 Celsius degree. Material Energy in watts Silver 418 000 Copper 385 000 Iron 80 000 Brick 1 000 Rubber 200 Foam rubber 80 Air 30 Vacuum 0.0 DESCRIBE any patterns you may see in this table of data
7. Keeping HOT insulating screw cap stops convection silver coating reduces radiation and absorbtion foam insulating supports insulating glass wall insulating glass wall vacuum stops conduction Use the diagram and your knowledge of conduction, convection and radiation to EXPLAIN how a vacuum flask can keep its contents hot.
8. Keeping COLD insulating screw cap stops convection silver coating reduces radiation and absorbtion foam insulating supports insulating glass wall insulating glass wall vacuum stops conduction Use the diagram and your knowledge of conduction, convection and radiation to EXPLAIN how a vacuum flask can keep its contents cold.