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IP Considerations: What to Consider When Implementing IP Solutions

IP Considerations: What to Consider When Implementing IP Solutions. Why IP Video?. Uses existing infrastructure (network wiring) Lower install cost (CAT 5/6 vs. Coax) Easily expandable/scalable Devices are nodes on the network Ties analog and digital worlds together

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IP Considerations: What to Consider When Implementing IP Solutions

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  1. IP Considerations: What to Consider When Implementing IP Solutions

  2. Why IP Video? • Uses existing infrastructure (network wiring) • Lower install cost (CAT 5/6 vs. Coax) • Easily expandable/scalable • Devices are nodes on the network • Ties analog and digital worlds together • Easier to store and distribute images • Remote viewing • Can be supported by IT • Lower operational costs and ease of use

  3. Basics IPCameras, IP Servers and ViconNet • An IP camera is a professional CCTV camera that connects directly to the network using a network cable. • An IP Server is a device that accepts an analog video signal (from single to several) and converts it to ViconNet digital format and connects to the network using a network cable. • Each camera/server has its own unique IP address and is identified in the ViconNet system as a video transmitter in the same way as a DVR. • Once the camera is set up, all viewing and control operations are done from the ViconNet application. What is the maximum number of clients that can connect to an IP camera? • 1 IP camera can support viewing/recording to up 10 workstations simultaneously. • 1 IP server can support viewing/recording to up 10 workstations simultaneously.

  4. Network Design Parameters Issues to consider when designing a network for an IP Video system: • How many cameras can connect to a single network switch? • How many network switches can be cascaded and in what manner? • When and how should we use a 1000 Mbps (1 Gbps) switch? • How many cameras can be viewed/recorded on a single workstation?

  5. Bandwidth = Traffic • A road can handle only so many cars. A network can carry only so many bits. • To move more cars, we need more lanes. To move more bits, we need more bandwidth.

  6. Kollectors vs IP Cameras: • When using a Kollector DVR: • Maximum FPS – According to Kollector type and divided between its cameras; for example, a Kollector Strike 120 fps will generate 120 fps with 4, 5 or 16 cameras. • Local recording – Possible on Kollector and doesn’t generate network bandwidth. • When using IP cameras/servers: • Maximum FPS – 30 fps per camera. • Local recording – Not supported, has to be streamed across the network. • Note: Maximum usage of network bandwidth is 70% of total (i.e., 100 Base/T network can provide about 70 Mbps for video transportation).

  7. Resolution/Quality Used The higher the quality, the higher the bandwidth: Frame Rate 1-30 fps per camera; higher FPS  higher bandwidth. Motion Type High motion (activity) in the picture (i.e., a casino floor) generates more bandwidth than medium motion (i.e., an office space). Parameters that affect bandwidth

  8. Parameters that affect Bandwidth Resolution The higher the resolution, the higher the bandwidth: Frame Rate 1-30 fps per camera; higher FPS  higher bandwidth. Motion Type Higher motion (activity) in the picture (i.e., a casino floor) uses more bandwidth than medium motion (i.e., an office space) NOISE = MOTION Compression Format H.264, MPEG-4, M-JPEG have varying requirements

  9. Expected Bandwidth for a Single Frame

  10. Expected bandwidth at 30 frames per second

  11. Network Configuration • How many cameras can the network support? • Assume that each camera output is 1.5 Mbps (1536 Kbps). • The output from the switch to the viewing station will be the accumulation of all cameras. Accumulated bandwidth from cameras going to the viewing station Connecting 10, 20, or 50 cameras on the network? - 10 cams X 1.5 Mbps (1536 Kbps) = ~ 15 Mbps - 20 cams X 1.5 Mbps (1536 Kbps) = ~ 30 Mbps - 50 cams X 1.5 Mbps (1536 Kbps) = ~ 75 Mbps (over 70% of a 100 Mbps switch)

  12. Cascading Switches • How many network switches are needed? • Systems with many IP cameras require multiple switches Daisy Chain versus Star Topology Which should you use? Switch 1 Switch 2 Switch 3 Switch 4 Switch 2 Switch 3 Switch 1 Main Switch Switch 5 Switch 4

  13. Daisy Chain Topology Assuming 100 Mbps switches 50Mbps 50Mbps 50Mbps 6Mbps 6Mbps 6Mbps Too Many Mbps 18Mbps

  14. Star Topology Assuming 100 Mbps switches 50Mbps 50Mbps 50Mbps Possibly too many Mbps

  15. Star Topology - Explanation • Using a 1000 Mbps (1 Gbps) switch: • IP cameras use a 100 Mbps network card • Connecting to a 100/1000 Mbps switch will utilize1000 Mbps (1 Gbps) going out to the PCs • Whether the cameras can connect from smaller switches at 100 Mpbs to central switches at 1000 Mbps all depends on the accumulated bandwidth Remember to make sure each and every switch has enough bandwidth to support its in/out needs!

  16. Using 1 Gbps Switches • The main switch can output 1Gbps

  17. Individual Streams • Every user gets an individual stream from the camera. • Data is fully acknowledged to protect from losing information. • Bottleneck on one viewer doesn’t affect the others. 2 Mbps Wireless bridge 3X2 Mbps ≈ 6 Mbps Wireless access point Switch 2 Mbps 2 Mbps 4 Mbps

  18. Multicasting Streams • Each camera sends only one stream to the network • Special switch provides a copy of the stream to PCs who request it • Everybody gets the same stream regardless of their supported bandwidth • Multicast is UDP and not acknowledged 2 Mbps Wireless bridge 2 Mbps Wireless access point Switch 2 Mbps 2 Mbps 2 Mbps

  19. Switch Backbone and Output • Every switch has a certain specification • A 16 port switch with 1Gbps ports cannot support a full 1Gbps through each port simultaneously. Its “Backbone” is the total throughput capacity. • The more professional the switch, the stronger the backbone. • High end switch systems usually connect the central switches with a special connection or fiber to create a central backbone. • “Stacking” switches

  20. Pure Gigabit Stack

  21. Basic Network Design Using a 1000 Mbps (1 Gbps) Switch: • The ViconNet camera uses a 100 Mbps network card. • Connecting to a 100/1000 Mbps switch will allow utilizing 1000 Mbps (1 Gbps) • PCs. • Cameras can connect from smaller switches at 100 Mbps to central switches • at 1000 Mbps. Remember to make sure each and every switch has enough bandwidth to support its in/out needs!

  22. What are the critical design points in the network? Evaluate the expected bandwidth from each camera. keep in mind the number of concurrent users per camera. Each switch’s output (to the next switch or NVR) must not exceed 70% of maximum bandwidth. Using the Star topology, add central switches with higher bandwidth. Remember, every port on the switch has its own bandwidth, so if two workstations are connected to two different ports, each has its own 100 or 1000 Mbps. In very high traffic network, invest in a strong central stack of switches with a strong backbone. Points to Remember

  23. Rules of Thumb for System Design • Nucleus • Any system over 5 devices (DVRs, IP cameras, IP servers) must have a dedicated PC used as the Nucleus. • NVR • VN-NVR product or similar PC running VN1000V3. • Record up to 25 cameras (over the network). • For better performance, the NVR should be dedicated to recording and not used for display at the same time. • Kollector Force or Strike • Can record up to 8 network cameras on top of its own 16 direct ones. • If the Kollector is used for display, it’s recommended not to use it to record additional IP cameras.

  24. System Design Example • Design a System with the Following: • 100 IP cameras • 5 viewing stations • 24/7 recording of all cameras • On average, 3 users will be using each camera at any given time • Assumptions: • Each video stream is ~ 1.5 Mbps • Viewing stations have 1 Gbps network cards

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