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Psychology Applied to Optometry

Psychology Applied to Optometry. COURSE SYLLABUS. Psychology and visual health Non-verbal communication The visual exam Performace of the optometric exam Giving bad news Difficult patients and managing complaints. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION. STRUCTURE OF THE THEME: Communication

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Psychology Applied to Optometry

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  1. Psychology Applied to Optometry

  2. COURSE SYLLABUS • Psychology and visual health • Non-verbal communication • The visual exam • Performace of the optometric exam • Giving bad news • Difficult patients and managing complaints

  3. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION STRUCTURE OF THE THEME: • Communication • Non-verbal communication • Functions of non-verbal conduct • Interpretation of gestures

  4. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION • 1. Communication • Basic axioms of communication: • 1. It is impossible to not communicate • 2. All communication is made up of two aspects: content and relation • 3. Humans communicate analogically and digitally • 4. The nature of a relationship depends on punctuation • 5. Relationships can be symmetrical or complementary

  5. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION 2. Non-verbal communication • The most important from the communicative point of view • Affective. Similar language to the primates. • Unconscious • Misunderstanding

  6. Have you really worked in NASA? Yes, of course... My cervicals hurt from so much studying... THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION • Emblems • Illustrators • Regulators • Adaptores • Emotional expressions

  7. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION • KINETIC: the study of bodily movement • Looks/glance • Facial expressions • General posture • Bodily movements • BODILY CONTACT(TACTÉSICA): the study of bodily contact during interaction • BODILY PROXIMITY (PROXÉMICA): special spacing and distance characteristics of interaction

  8. Facing each other: great level of involvement Competition: sitting across from one another To converse: right angle Cooperation: side-by-side, but beware of the angle of inclination!

  9. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION • A SPEAKER’S PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS • PARALINGUISTICS: tone of voice, pauses, accent… • ARTEFACTS: jewels, perfume, clothing, mustache… • ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN THE COMMUNICATIVE PROCESS

  10. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION 3. Functions of non-verbal behavior: • KNOWING THE BASIC DISPOSITION OF THE PATIENT: • COOPERATION • EVASIVE • AGGRESSIVE • INDIFFERENT

  11. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION COOPERATIVE ATTITUDE

  12. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION EVASIVE ATTITUDE

  13. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION AGGRESSIVE ATTITUDE

  14. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION INDIFFERENT ATTITUDE

  15. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION 2.TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE PATIENT IS SUFFERING FROM PSYCHOLOGICAL DISCOMFORT 3. ADJUSTMENTS TO THE VERBAL MESSAGE: • SUBSTITUTION. Emblems • REPETITION. Emblems • ACCENTUATION. Illustrators and emotional expressions • COMPLIMENTING. Illustrators and emotional expressions • REGULATION. Regulators • CONTRADICTION. Provides the most information

  16. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION 4. CONFIRMING THE BELIEVABILITY OF THE VERBAL MESSAGE: • Lies in treatment follow-up, recommendations, adaptations to contact lenses • Truthfulness: vague verbal punctuation marks

  17. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION If verbal/non-verbal incongruence is detected: • Make a mental note of the fact without mentioning it • Verbalize the contradiction in a professional tone • Ask what the incongruence means, given the fact that it is true and has a meaning

  18. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION Emotions and changes in the non-verbal behavior of the patient • Micromomentary expressions: muscular activities in the base primary emotions (happiness, sadness, surprise, rage, fear, dislike and interest) • Filtrations: changes within the same sentence. Lying. Non-verbal gestures lessen (poker face) while Adaptors increase in frequency. • Abrupt attitude changes towards the professional • Changes during different interviews

  19. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION e) Appearance of adaptors (emotional tension): • Picking at the corners of eyes • Picking at ears • Touching the ears or nose • Touching arm hair • Picking at the table with fingers or a pen • Playing with objects • Wringing hands • Tapping feet on the floor • Clearing the throat

  20. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

  21. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

  22. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION 4. Interpreting gestures • Listening with the arms crossed • Patient looks at him/herself when listening and talking • Provocation: pupil dilation • Sensation of being deceived if they aren’t looking at us: customs • Wringing the hands, enlacing them: need to relax or give explanations

  23. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION • SINCERITY: • Open hands • Unbuttoned jacket • Sincerity provokes similar feelings in others • RESERVE: • Cleaning glasses • Putting the end of the frame in the mouth • Touching the nose: negative • Crossing feet/heels

  24. THEME 2: NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION • FRUSTRATION: • Clenching fists • Pointing with the index finger • Putting the palm on the nape of the neck • CONFIDENCE: • Joining the fingers of the hands • Erect posture • Looking into other’s eyes • Less blinking

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