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Windows NT and Unix OS

Windows NT and Unix OS. B.Ramamurthy Chapter 2 : Appendix. Windows NT. Significance: Designed from scratch incorporating all the latest technologies available at that time. Single user, multi-tasking Client-server SMP : Symmetric multiprocessing Multi-threading Micro-kernel approach

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Windows NT and Unix OS

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  1. Windows NT and Unix OS B.Ramamurthy Chapter 2 : Appendix B.Ramamurthy

  2. Windows NT • Significance: Designed from scratch incorporating all the latest technologies available at that time. • Single user, multi-tasking • Client-server • SMP : Symmetric multiprocessing • Multi-threading • Micro-kernel approach • Object-oriented design • Graphical User Interface (Windows) B.Ramamurthy

  3. Windows NT Architecture Fig.2.13 • NT can execute on a variety of hardware platform: • Posix, Win32, OS/2, etc. • NT separates the application-oriented software from OS software by an elaborate module known as NT Executive. • NT execution operates in the kernel mode. B.Ramamurthy

  4. NT Executive • Highly modular, modified micro-kernel. • Well-defined API for each module allows easy modification of functionality. • Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL): maps between command s and hardware. DMA, Interrupt controller, SMP are supported at this layer. B.Ramamurthy

  5. MicroKernel • Microkernel consists of most fundamental components of the operating system. • Process control, thread control, context switching, scheduling, synchronization etc. • Non pre-emptable. B.Ramamurthy

  6. Services • Executive Services: • IO manager, and Window Manager which directly deal with harwdare. • Object manager, Security, process, virtual memory, call manager: these modules go thru’ HAL. • System Services: interface to user-mode software. B.Ramamurthy

  7. Object-Oriented Approach • NT is partially OO. • Processes, files, threads, semaphores, timers, windows are all designed as objects (classes). • Each object created has a handle (object reference) and a security descriptor (SD). • Many other data structures used are not classes or objects. B.Ramamurthy

  8. Traditional Unix System Fig.2.16 • System call interface • File Subsystem • Process Control subsystem • Device driver/ IO subsystem • Hardware control B.Ramamurthy

  9. Modern Unix Kernel • System V release 4 (SVr4) • Solaris 2.x • Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD 4.4) • Core facilities, + set of specific functionalities (scheduler, vnode interface, Virtual memory management, etc.) B.Ramamurthy

  10. OS Topics Fig2.18 • Memory Management • File Management • Process Description and Control • IO management • Security • Networking • Concurrency • Scheduling B.Ramamurthy

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