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The Rulers of Mesopotamia

The Rulers of Mesopotamia. Sumerians 3000BCE. Leadership: Lived in independent city states each had its own god often warred with each other Notable Advancements: Worked with metal (copper, gold, silver) Earliest writing- cuneiform Wheel, plow, irrigation Social Structure:

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The Rulers of Mesopotamia

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  1. The Rulers of Mesopotamia

  2. Sumerians 3000BCE Leadership: • Lived in independent city states • each had its own god • often warred with each other Notable Advancements: • Worked with metal (copper, gold, silver) • Earliest writing- cuneiform • Wheel, plow, irrigation Social Structure: • High level of status for kings, priests & nobles • Low level of status for slaves Lack of unification = easy to conquer

  3. Akkadians 2331BCE Leadership • Akkad- a country in northern Mesopotamia • Led by a Semitic chief, Sargon I • Conquered the Sumerians • United Akkad and Sumer in to the Kingdom of Sumer Notable Advancements: • not as advanced but quickly adopted Sumerian civilization which spread to the Mediterranean Sea under his rule

  4. Babylonians 1750 BCE Leadership • Led by King Hammurabi • Conquered the Kingdom of Sumer (Akkad and Assyria) • Built kingdom of Babylonia (capital Babylon) Notable Advancements • Code of laws (discovered in 1901) • Hammurabi was thought to have received the laws from Shamash (god)

  5. Hittites 1600 BCE Leadership • Originally from what is now called Turkey • Invaded Syria (fought a great deal with Egypt) • Disappeared around 1200BCE Notable Advancements • One of the earliest peoples to ride horses • Iron weapons • chariots

  6. Assyrians 1550 BCE Leadership • Lived 300 miles north of Babylon • Warlike- weaken sense of unity of those they conquered • Led by Assurnasirpal II • Largest empire (conquered Babylonia, Palestine, Syria, Phoenicia, Sumer and Egypt) • Overextended/ terrorized people which led to revolts • Defeated in 612 BCE by the Chaldeans Notable Advancements • Armed with copper bronze and iron weaponry • Horse drawn chariots

  7. Chaldeans 612 BCE Leadership • Empire only lasted for 74 years • Neo-Babylonian Empire • Babylonia became powerful once more • King Nebuchadnezzar • Conquered by the Persians in 539 BCE Notable Advancements a) Hanging Gardens of Babylon

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