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Ships and Whales: Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary

Ships and Whales: Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary as a Case Study for Regional Characterization and Management of Underwater Noise. Leila Hatch, Ph D SBNMS/NOS/NOAA US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Human Commerce is Noisy

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Ships and Whales: Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary

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  1. Ships and Whales: Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary as a Case Study for Regional Characterization and Management of Underwater Noise. Leila Hatch, Ph D SBNMS/NOS/NOAA US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

  2. Human Commerce is Noisy Chronic Background Noise (i.e. Commercial Shipping) 24 hours in two fin whale acoustic habitats NO SHIPPING: GULF OF CALIFORNIA HEAVY SHIPPING:MEDITERRANEAN SEA Fin whale song Clark, Ellison, Southall, Hatch, Van Parijs, Frankel, Ponirakis, (2009) Marine Ecology Progress Series

  3. Background Noise: Long Term Trends North Pacific Ambient Noise at 40 Hz Shipping noise has increased ~3 dB/decade Modified from McDonald et al. (2006)

  4. MASKING • Frequency overlap between marine animal communication and shipping noise • Predicted reduction in a blue whale’s communication range between ~1950 & today Figures: B. Southall, US NOAA & C. Clark, Cornell University

  5. Stellwagen Bank Here we are Cape Ann Stellwagen Bank NMS Atlantic Ocean Boston MASSACHUSETTS Cape Cod 638 square nm 2,188 square km

  6. Baleen Whales SBNMS 1970-2005 NOAA – NCCOS (Figure excerpted from Pittman et al., 2006)

  7. Ship Strike Approximate Distribution of Ship Struck Baleen Whales along the Eastern Seaboard of the U.S SBNMS Locations inferred from Jensen & Silber 2003

  8. Shipping Noise: Variation in Space and Time % Total Time Spent by AIS Vessels in Sanctuary Cruise/ Passenger n=87 Tugs &Barges n=113 Tankers Containers Tugs & Barges Service & Research n=31 Containers & Tankers n=306 Cruise/Passenger Service & Research ALL Hatch, Clark, Merrick, Van Parijs, Ponirakis, Schwehr, Thompson & Wiley (2008) Environmental Management

  9. Shipping Noise: Variation in Frequency and Amplitude Bottom-Mounted Acoustic Recording Units Ship Noise Profile: LNG vessel Acoustic Propagation Modeling AIS Ship Tracks Ship Noise Profile: Research Vessel

  10. Received sound levels (71-224 Hz, dB re 1µPa) during a time with one distant (left) versus three central (right) AIS-tracked commercial ships. Clark, Hatch, VanParijs, Ponirakis and Frankel (in prep)

  11. NOAA-led US submission to the IMO’s Marine Environmental Protection Committee (MEPC) • Accepted by member nations in October 2008 • Creation of MEPC Correspondence Group tasked with developing guidelines to quiet commercial ships • US (NOAA) chaired • 50+ nation/org participants

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