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European Expansion in Industrial World: “Age New Imperialism ”

European Expansion in Industrial World: “Age New Imperialism ”. New Imperialism vs. Exploration Imperialism 15 th -16 th cent: Earlier period: Less penetration of interior in Africa & Asia Less direct influence on people’s lives.

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European Expansion in Industrial World: “Age New Imperialism ”

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  1. European Expansion in Industrial World: “Age New Imperialism”

  2. New Imperialism vs. Exploration Imperialism 15th -16th cent: • Earlier period: • Less penetration of interior in Africa & Asia • Less direct influence on people’s lives

  3. Conquests inland because – military & med. tech. made it possible

  4. Forms of Imperialism U.S. In Latin Amer. Gr. Brit. In India Colonies Protectorates Forms of Imperialism Dutch in S. Africa Spheres of Influence Euro. Nations in Africa Euro. nations in China

  5. U.S. Protectorates

  6. African Spheres of Influence

  7. Motives • raw materials to feed machines

  8. Motives • Conversions not mandated but still ongoing

  9. Labor Impact • Ended slavery-replaced by cheap indigenous labor (Forced Labor)

  10. Indust. Powers Established Transoceanic Powers • A. Strengthening Control over existing colonies • British In India • East India Company = pol., econ., milt. domination on Indian states • British Raj (British Rule) officially established 1858-1947

  11. Indust. Powers Established Transoceanic Powers • B. Indust. States Established/Expanded Empires • British In Egypt • Control of Suez Canal • British In South Africa • Control of diamond mines • America gains control of Philippines • Span. & Port. = reduced influence

  12. King Leopold and the Belgium Congo

  13. King Leopold and the Belgium Congo • Belgium needs to catch up • Created a slave based plantation economy • Human rights abuses

  14. Results • Conference of Berlin 1884-85 • Scramble for Africa • Increased tensions among European Powers • Redraw boundaries without consulting Africans

  15. The Afrikan/Boer Wars1880-1900 Paving the way for Apartheid

  16. Dutch Cape Colony1700s • Dutch economy based on slave labor • Whites were outnumbered. Forced blacks to carry identity cards

  17. British Cape Colony and the Great TrekMid 1830s • British establish colony at the Cape • Force migration “Great Trek” of Dutch settlers (Afrikaners or Boers) to interior on native land = clashes with Zulu tribe • Boers create their own republics

  18. The “Great Trek”

  19. Mining of Diamonds1860s • Diamonds discovered • Prompts increases in British migration and creation of colony in Natal • Tensions between Boers and British

  20. The Afrikan/Boer Wars1880-1900 • Increase British military presence led to a brief war against Boers • Boers are victorious • Second war with Boers = Boers lose conversion into British colonies of South Africa.

  21. Union of South Africa 1910-1948 • Afrikaners/Boers gain independence from Britain-Combine Natal and Cape Colony • Exclude blacks from voting Apartheid “Apartness” becomes official policy

  22. Schools, hospitals, neighborhoods, workplaces segregated • Mandela and World Opinion abolish system in early 1990s

  23. Historical ParallelSouth African History is similar to American History because they both…

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