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The ARD

The ARD. Work analysing productivity using ARD. 1. Contribution of entry and exit to productivity growth: Disney, Haskel and Heden (2003); Barnes and Haskel (2000); Griffith and Simpson (2001). 2. Productivity of foreign firms: Oulton (2000); Harris (2002); Harris et al. (2003)

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The ARD

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  1. The ARD

  2. Work analysing productivity using ARD 1. Contribution of entry and exit to productivity growth: Disney, Haskel and Heden (2003); Barnes and Haskel (2000); Griffith and Simpson (2001). 2. Productivity of foreign firms: Oulton (2000); Harris (2002); Harris et al. (2003) 3. Productivity and skills (NES and ESS): Barnes and Haskel(2000), Haskel and Pereira (2002) 4. Productivity and innovation (matched to the CIS) Criscuolo and Haskel (2002)

  3. ARD • The ARD is formed from the Annual Business Inquiry (ABI) from 1998 onwards and previous surveys before that (e.g. Annual Census of Production (ACOP)). • Data prior 1998: Data on production and construction activities • Data post 1998: Production, construction, distribution and services • It is a census of large businesses (>250 employees), and a sample of smaller ones. • The businesses selected for the surveys are drawn since 1994 from the ONS Inter-departmental Business Register (IDBR).

  4. Variables: • The central variables collected are employment, turnover/output, capital expenditure, wage cost, and intermediate consumption. • Postcodes, industrial classification (SIC codes), ownership • Problems: • The range of variables has varied over the years and the same variable names can sometimes hide changing definitions. • No information on prices or capital stock

  5. Other issues: • Level of aggregation: • From 1994 onwards the reporting levels are “Enterprise group”, “enterprise” and “local unit” • Reporting Units (plant or group of plants) are the fundamental unit on the ARD • There are also changes in the terminology. • Sampling frame: • The selected sample of small firms rotates to prevent the excessive sampling of SMEs. The sample frame has varied from year to year.

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