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Strategies for Metro/Regional Optical Networks

Strategies for Metro/Regional Optical Networks. Brian Pratt, brian.pratt@meriton.com CEF/REN Conference, Prague, 18 May 2005. Agenda. Overview of Meriton Networks Trends in Optical Networking Emerging research & education applications and high-speed networks Technology

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Strategies for Metro/Regional Optical Networks

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  1. Strategies for Metro/Regional Optical Networks Brian Pratt, brian.pratt@meriton.com CEF/REN Conference, Prague, 18 May 2005

  2. Agenda • Overview of Meriton Networks • Trends in Optical Networking • Emerging research & education applications and high-speed networks • Technology • Requirements for research & education networks • The current state-of-the-art • Building “Real” High-Speed Optical Networks • Choices for technologies • Optical link engineering

  3. About Meriton Networks • Carrier-class, wavelength networking solution • Enable the Growth of High-speed Metro/Regional Services, from Wall Street to Main Street • Experienced team: Leaders with Newbridge, Nortel • Customers: Growing base of enterprise and service provider customers • Member of Internet2 HOPI Corporate Advisory • Research: Participant in CANARIE OBGP/UCLP • Partnerships: Fujitsu, Siemens, local partners • Global Reach: 46020 Network Management Platform 36170 MainstreetXpress Corporate Headquarters Ottawa, Canada USA Headquarters Raleigh, North Carolina European Headquarters Bristol, UK Asia Headquarters Hong Kong

  4. Trends in Research & Education Networks • Large-scale applications outpacing network capacity • Grids, 3D visualization, physics, astronomy: all kinds of science, engineering and other research applications • Non-wire-speed 10GigE is increasingly insufficient • Multiple 10GigE wavelengths, moving to 40G deployment and research on 100G • Some e-science applications already consuming 7 Gbps of sustained bandwidth • Many traditional/incumbent carriers not offering services or solutions to support these applications • Metro/regional Optical Networks for research being built as an increasing rate • Acquisition of dark fibre, lit up as private networks • Different communities: • University/research focused • Joint education/government initiatives • Corporate/enterprise networks

  5. Meriton’s Vision of theHybrid IP/Optical Transport Network IP/MPLS Network Layer IP/MPLSRouter IP/MPLSRouter IP/MPLSRouter IP/MPLSRouter Least costly interfaces (e.g. 10GigE LAN PHY, 1310 nm singlemode short-reach optics) ServiceAccess Nodes WXC CWDM Transponder function at the WDM layer DWDM DWDM WXC WXC High-EndUser Multi-Service WavelengthTransport Network Metro Access Regional/Core

  6. Status Quo: SONET/SDH Transport Convergence Routers OtherServices(Ethernet, SANs, etc.) Other IP Services IP TDM Switches MPLS/ATM ADMs SONET/SDH SONET/Ethernet OXCs OADMs WDM Waves Fiber Fiber Multiple networking layers leads to additional cost and operational complexities.

  7. Today’s Simplified Network TDM SAN Ethernet IP/MPLS SONETSDH Wavelengths Waves Fiber Fiber Converging to a full IP/MPLS layer over a common wavelength network greatly simplifies the network.

  8. Optical Networking in 2005 Technologies from the hype/bubble era of the late 1990s-2001are finally emerging as practical, cost-effective solutions. • All optical switching: optical ROADM • 1st generation wavelength blocker technology giving way to 2nd generation wavelength selectable switch (WSS) technology • Electronic ROADM: the benefits of wavelength switching + simplicity of working in the electronic domain (OEO) • Roadmap toward multi-degree optical ROADM • Evidence of Moore’s Law applied to optical components • Pluggable transceivers: GBICs giving way to SFPs/XFPs • 10G DWDM long-reach XFP transceivers for $ 8,000 (was $ 200,000 5 years ago!) • Multiple GigE wavelengths over regional distances now inexpensive • Multiple 10GigE wavelengths now measured in $ x00,000, not $ x0,000,000! • Some carriers offering wavelength services over shared infrastructure

  9. Requirements for Optical Networks for R&E • Transparency • Carry any service (Ethernet, SONET, SAN, etc.) at wire-speed, from GigE to 10GigE and beyond • Ability to easily grow capacity to support 320 Gbps (32x10G) per fiber pair or more • Support of emerging 40G and 100G wavelength technologies • Ability to carry 10GigE LAN PHY natively • DWDM equipment that interfaces to existing/most-cost-effective interfaces of GigE/10GigE routers/switches • Avoid the expense and complication of 10GigE WAN PHY or SONET encapsulation • Ability to carry “alien” wavelengths • Support a mix of DWDM and CWDM, and interoperate between them • Plug-and-play: e.g. auto-discovery of new nodes/cards/interfaces • Equipment that a technician can take out of the box and have up-and-running in hours, not days • Simplicity: must be like managing a router network • Central management of all optical network elements, i.e. amplifiers, dispersion compensators, etc. • No on-site visits to POPs required except to connect new users/fibers • Similar management features as IP networks: RADIUS authentication, packet counters, etc. • Option for either in-band or out-of-band management or both • Good tools for troubleshooting both CWDM and DWDM technology • Hassle-free access to vendor expertise in optical network design and support

  10. Requirements for Optical Networks for R&E • Simple and cost-effective, but with carrier-class reliability as/when required • Use of pluggable transceiver technology, e.g. SFPs for < 2.7G, XFPs for 10G • Reduce costs, easy sparing, a standard with multiple sources • Minimize optical loss • High quality optical components that allow as many huts to be skipped as possible • Includes the quality of transceivers, amplifiers, dispersion compensators, filters, etc. • Ability to easily add/change services as well as entire new nodes and fibers • No disruption to existing users: hot swappable, optional redundancy and optical protection • Plug-and-play: as simple as popping in additional SFPs/XFPs, and connecting up new access fibers • Granularity of single wavelengths for add/drop • Switching • Switch the paths of short-/medium-term research applications via central management workstation • Switching done in seconds or minutes, not weeks • Protection switching, when used, in < 50 ms • Option to use an electronic ROADM and/or optical ROADM • Combine the flexibility of optical switching with the practical advantage and simplicity of electronic transport (performance monitoring, loopbacks, etc.) • Electronic ROADM to enable simpler segment-by-segment engineering, avoid complex ring engineering • Simplicity and elegance of mesh networks

  11. Cost-effective, Reliable, Multi-ServiceMetro/Regional High-Speed Transport Services 10GigE, GigE, 10/100 Emerging 40G/100G Fibre Channel ESCON FICON STM-n/OC-n, E-n/DS-n Video Any protocol C/DWDM C/DWDM • 30%-40% capital & operations savings on end-to-end solutions • Transparent: bit-rate/protocol independent transport • 10 GigE LAN PHY transported natively • Carrier-class reliability • Comprehensive, open network/element management • Easy to install, engineer, manage Up to 32 wavelengths320 Gbps capacity (32 x 10G)Up to 600+ km Up to 8 wavelengths (8 or 16 GigE/1G FC) 40 Gbps capacityUp to 120 km 8600 NMS C/DWDM C/DWDM Carrier-class products transport products at enterprise prices!

  12. Meriton’s Vision of theEnd-to-end Transport Network 8600 NMS Metro • Mix CWDM and DWDM segment-by-segment. Easier segment-by-segment ring engineering. • CWDM segments up to 120 km unamplified at GigE (80 km at 2.5G). • DWDM reach of 600+ km miles with no re-gen: only amps and DCM required. • Raman amps for longer reach • Mix of 10G, 2.5G, 1G wavelengths on the same fibre. • Sophisticated, integrated, managed amps & dispersion compensation. • Comprehensive, central/remote network and element management. CWDM Access DWDM CWDM DWDM DWDM Metro Regional DWDM Metro CWDM DWDM CWDM Access Metro A cost-effective, switched, multi-service, transparent wavelength networkend-to-end: from access to metro to regional.

  13. Meriton’s Vision of theEnd-to-end Transport Network Metro • Mix CWDM and DWDM segment-by-segment. Easier segment-by-segment ring engineering. • CWDM segments up to 120 km unamplified at GigE (80 km at 2.5G). • DWDM reach of 600+ km miles with no re-gen: only amps and DCM required. • Raman amps for longer reach • Mix of 10G, 2.5G, 1G wavelengths on the same fibre. • Sophisticated, integrated, managed amps & dispersion compensation. • Comprehensive, central/remote network and element management. Access Metro Regional Metro Access 8600 NMS Metro Any topology, including fully meshed networks, or hybrid ring/mesh networks, etc.

  14. Introducing the OADX Optical Add/Drop Switch (OADX) Networking Flexibility of a Switch = + Integrated wavelength transmission and switching in a single platform Electronic and optical ROADM Efficiency and Transparency of an OADM Leading edge support for metro/regional high-speed services.

  15. The Value Proposition:Scalability and Cost Savings Incumbent Vendor Solution Meriton’s OADX Solution 70 Km 70 Km 25 Km 25 Km 40 Km 40 Km 40 Km 40 Km Scalability delivering up to 70% CAPEX Savings

  16. Meriton Metro/RegionalProduct Family • 1455 OFA • Pre/post/line amplifiers • Mid-Span DCMs • Gain Tilt Compensation • Over 600 km Links Fully Managed via the 8600 Network Management System and 8300 Element Management System • 3300 OSU • 40 Gbps capacity • Any input: MM 850 nm, SM 1310 nm or 1550 nm • CWDM & DWDM • Carrier-class redundancy • 6 RU (10.5”) • 7200 OADX • 320 Gbps capacity • Any input: MM 850 nm, SM 1310 nm or 1550 nm • CWDM & DWDM • Carrier-class redundancy • 21 RU (36.75")

  17. Pluggable TransceiversSFPs and XFPs • Standardized Multi Source Agreement Packaging • SFPs: 100 M to 2.7 Gbps support • Any protocol • XFPs: 10G • 10GigE LAN PHY, 10GigE WAN PHY • STM-64, OC-192 • Change speed/protocol in software • Types • Single wavelength • 850 nm MM: 500 m reach • 1310 nm SM: up to 40 km reach • 1550 nm SM: up to 80 km reach • CWDM SM 40, 80, and 120 km reach • DWDM SM 40, 80 km reach 5.5 cm x 1.5 cm x 0.9 cm 7.6 cm x 1.8 cm x 0.8 cm

  18. Choosing Between CWDM and DWDM L-Band 8 Channel CWDM L-Band C-Band Zero Water SMF SMF Peak Fiber (c) DWDM C BAND Attenuation Attenuation 1310 1310 1330 1330 1350 1350 1370 1370 1390 1390 1410 1410 1430 1430 1450 1450 1470 1470 1490 1490 1510 1510 1530 1530 1550 1550 1570 1570 1590 1590 1610 1610 1630 C-Band • 20 nm wavelength spacing • 8 Channels over Single Mode Fibre (SMF) CWDM – Course Wavelength Division Multiplexing DWDM– Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing • 0.8 nm wavelength spacing • Also referred to as 100 GHz spacing • Some products also have 200 GHz spacing: half as many wavelengths in the C-band (i.e. 16) • Some long-haul system have 50 GHz spacing: twice as many waves in the C-band (i.e. 64) • 32 Channels over SMF (100 GHz) • 1 Channel of OSC 32 Channels + OSC

  19. AmplificationCWDM vs. DWDM 80 km 80 km • EDFA: Erbium-doped Fibre Amplifier • DWDM is typically used for longer distance transport, because EDFA amplifiers enable very long spans more cost-effectively than CWDM. • Amplifiers typically cost approximately US$ 20k or more Requires 1 amplifier per wavelength CWDM wavelengths { 1 EDFA amplifies all wavelengths in the C-band EDFA C-band (DWDM wavelengths) { Requires 1 amplifier per wavelength L-band

  20. Electronic ROADM • Native signal transparency • Bit rate and protocol independent • Fully non-blocking wavelength switching • Single wavelength granularity • No stranded wavelengths • Electrical OEO approach allows for important system/network functionality: • Multi-degree support • Any-to-any grid interconnect (e.g. C to DWDM) • Wavelength conversion for all channels • 3R at every node (i.e. Engineers like SONET/SDH) • Layer 1 Performance Monitoring (PM) • Multicast lightpaths 7200 OADX

  21. Wavelength Switching Cost Sweet Spots Note:For 2-degree metro ring applications. ChannelRate ElectricalOEO Optical ROADM 10G ElectricalOEO Optical ROADM 2.5G 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 Pass-through Channels

  22. Optical ROADM – Wave-blocker Wave-blocker Splitter Coupler Drop Filter Add Filter • Drop and Add Filters must be tuneable for maximum flexibility. • Hitless filter tuning is a problem. • Many discrete components so expensive • High insertion loss – Limits DCM – Limits reach between nodes for fully transparent networks.

  23. Optical ROADM – Wavelength Selective Switch (WSS) WavelengthSelective Switch Coupler OptionalExpansionPort DropChannels Add • Fewer discrete optical components • Fully flexible colourless add/drop • Lower insertion loss • Limited number of drop ports – Use expansion port !

  24. How Much Capacity ?

  25. Optical Link Engineering Methodology Meriton ‘OFA Link Design’ Tool Typically accurate to within 95% of results offered by commercial optical modeling tool which models absolute non-linear effects. Pass/Fail Report √ OptSim Commercial Optical Network Modeling Tool Used to validate the proposed design, and produce estimated link performance in terms of optical performance across each wavelength in the DWDM optical spectrum, and the expected eye pattern. Optical Spectrum Analysis Estimated Eye Pattern Generation Meriton Uses 2 Software Tools to Design Optical Amplifier Links • Allows fast network design and link performance • calculation • Customized for Meriton 7200 OADX link endpoints • and the Meriton 1450 and 1650 family of OFAs • Estimates Q, OSNR, and Margin • Can model 2.5G or 10G datarate per wavelength • Can model # of wavelengths per link • Assumes fixed Impact of non-linear network effects • for all DWDM wavelengths • Used to determine the actual level and impact of • non-linear effects on the proposed Meriton OFA Link Design • Offers more detailed graphical results of DWDM • link performance

  26. Optical Link Engineering Tools

  27. Technologies for Dynamic Optical Networks • GMPLS standards are still evolving for optical networks • Growing interest for dynamic lightpath configurations • Meriton’s path management includes a number of GMPLS concepts • OSPF routing on NEs (used for management network today) • GMPLS LMP for auto network discovery, lightpath testing, and cable mis-wiring • Meriton will implement GMPLS in step with customer’s key requirements for mesh networking • Pre-provisioned shared protection (enabled by GMPLS signaling) • Dynamic (best-effort) signaled protection • Operator signaled lightpaths (S-LPs) • Client on-demand wavelengths (O-UNI signaling) • Participation in initiatives such as Internet2 HOPI, CANARIE UCLP, etc., is critical

  28. “Best in Class” Network Management • Automatic Discovery • Automatic node topology discovery • Automatic card detection • Automatic fiber connectivity discovery • Automatic detection of fiber miscabling • Powerful Lightpath Provisioning • Both Operator-Selected Routing or Automatic Lightpath Routing • End-to-end lightpath protection or protection only for segments of lightpath • Non-disruptive Live Lightpath Routing Changes • Fast Identification and Guided Resolution of Fiber Miscabling “The considerable investment Meriton Networks has made in network management is evident!” Managing Optical Networks Report

  29. 8600 NMS User Interface Integrated Element and Network Management Functions. Autodiscovery of equipment and topology. Intuitive Navigation. Simplified lightpath visualization. Integrated Fault Management.

  30. 8300 EMS GUI Element cross-connect status Element status No navigation frame. Single element only Cross-connect highlighting Per element alarm view

  31. IVFN™ Intelligent Virtual Fiber Networks Virtual Service Network Partitioning UNIs and lambdas Virtual Backbone Network Partitioning ports, UNIs, lambdas Physical Network Nodes, ports, links, UNIs, lambdas

  32. Thank Youbrian.pratt@meriton.comgerard.owens@meriton.com

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