1 / 30

GE21001 Dynamic Human Worlds Lectures 5 + 6 Development, Power and Place

GE21001 Dynamic Human Worlds Lectures 5 + 6 Development, Power and Place. Dr. Susan P. Mains Geography. Lecture Outline. Defining Development Forms of Development: -  political context -uneven development ‘measures’ Useful Readings:

kera
Download Presentation

GE21001 Dynamic Human Worlds Lectures 5 + 6 Development, Power and Place

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. GE21001 Dynamic Human WorldsLectures 5 + 6Development, Power and Place Dr. Susan P. Mains Geography

  2. Lecture Outline • Defining Development • Forms of Development: • - political context • -uneven development • ‘measures’ • Useful Readings: • *Radcliffe, S. (2005) Rethinking Development. In Cloke, P., Crang, P. and Goodwin, M. (Eds) Introducing Human Geographies. 2nd Edition. London, Hodder Arnold, pp.200-210. • Willis, K. (2005) Theories of Development. In Cloke, P., Crang, P. and Goodwin, M. (Eds) Introducing Human Geographies. 2nd Edition. London, Hodder Arnold, pp. 187-199.

  3. Defining Development • A range of social, economic, political and health factors • How do we measure “political development”? • Shift from financial to more holistic measures • Cultural and political context significant • What kinds of “development” are desirable?

  4. Defining Development “Development” created in a particular political context President Harry Truman “underdevelopment” 1948 at the beginning of the Cold War Relational The idea of a continuum 1st, 2nd, and 3rd World, later a 4th? Again political context significant US imperialism

  5. Ways of Measuring ‘Development’ Population Characteristics Check the Population Reference Bureau: DataFinder www.prb.org for up-to-date statistics Doubling Time: the measure of how long it will take the population of an area to grow to twice its current size Life Expectancy: the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live

  6. More Population Measurements Total Fertility Rate (TFR): the average number of children a woman will have throughout her lifetime Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): the number of deaths of infants less than 1 year of age compared to the number of live births for that same year (or infant deaths per 1,000 live births)

  7. Education Indicators Literacy rate: the percentage of the population over age 15 years able to read and write, and is often broken down by sex Secondary School Enrolment

  8. Economic Indicators Gross Domestic Product (GDP): a monetary measure of the value of goods and services produced within a national economy over a given period of time Gross National Product (GNP): GDP + net income from abroad GNI PPP per capita: the Gross National Income (with purchasing power parity) per person

  9. Human Development Index • GDP and GNP are seriously deficient as measures of economic activity: • they omit whole areas of work • they perversely count as wealth creation that which may destroy the foundations of productive activity • Human Development Index: The United Nations uses a Human Development Index, which is calculated on measures of life expectancy, educational attainment and personal income.

  10. Non-Demographic Indicators III Human Development Report (UNHDP) Links between environmental and political contexts Links between, infrastructure, policy, education & health Role of national and international institutions, everyday experiences, obstacles and opportunities for change e.g., the politics of water http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uYsZOI8gftU&feature=results_video&playnext=1&list=PL1C485D484939EC26

  11. Millenium Development Goals • Time specific targets • Millennium Summit (2000) • Millennium Declaration • 8 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) • Millennium Development Goals for 2015 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3p2VLTowAA&feature=related

  12. Millenium Development Goals • Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger • Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education • Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women • Goal 4: Reduce child mortality rates • Goal 5: Improve maternal health • Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases • Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability • Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development

  13. The purpose of politics is to bring the greatest happiness to the greatest number of people—Jeremy Bentham

  14. Political Indicators • Global Peace Index (2010) • http://filipspagnoli.wordpress.com/2009/01/12/human-rights-maps-41-global-peace-index/ • The Map of Freedom • http://www.worldaudit.org/ • Corruption Perceptions Index • http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2010/results • Border Disputes • E.g., the Arctic • http://www.dur.ac.uk/ibru/resources/arctic/ • http://www.treehugger.com/files/2008/08/new-arctic-map-shows-just-what-boundaries-well-be-fighting-over-for-oil.php

  15. Political Indicators • Global Peace Index (2010) • http://filipspagnoli.wordpress.com/2009/01/12/human-rights-maps-41-global-peace-index/ • The Map of Freedom • http://www.worldaudit.org/ • Corruption Perceptions Index • http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2010/results • Border Disputes • E.g., the Arctic • http://www.dur.ac.uk/ibru/resources/arctic/ • http://www.treehugger.com/files/2008/08/new-arctic-map-shows-just-what-boundaries-well-be-fighting-over-for-oil.php

  16. Political Indicators • Global Peace Index (2010) • http://filipspagnoli.wordpress.com/2009/01/12/human-rights-maps-41-global-peace-index/ • The Map of Freedom • http://www.worldaudit.org/ • Corruption Perceptions Index • http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2010/results • Border Disputes • E.g., the Arctic • http://www.dur.ac.uk/ibru/resources/arctic/ • http://www.treehugger.com/files/2008/08/new-arctic-map-shows-just-what-boundaries-well-be-fighting-over-for-oil.php

  17. Political Indicators • Global Peace Index (2010) • http://filipspagnoli.wordpress.com/2009/01/12/human-rights-maps-41-global-peace-index/ • The Map of Freedom • http://www.worldaudit.org/ • Corruption Perceptions Index • http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2010/results • Border Disputes • E.g., the Arctic • http://www.dur.ac.uk/ibru/resources/arctic/ • http://www.treehugger.com/files/2008/08/new-arctic-map-shows-just-what-boundaries-well-be-fighting-over-for-oil.php

  18. Contrasting Perspectives Abbas submits Palestinian statehood bid to UN http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s-GlH_LkLY4 Netanyahu: Better bad press, than a good eulogy http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pw0uWquKoKs

  19. Borders, external influences and access to resources

More Related