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The Nervous System

The Nervous System. Part One Emily Buff, Delaney Sullivan, Brendan von Hofe, Sam Zimmerman. Components of a Motor Neuron. http://www.skooolnigeria.com/examcentre.aspx?id=270. Transport Proteins and Channel Proteins. At Rest:

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The Nervous System

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  1. The Nervous System Part One Emily Buff, Delaney Sullivan, Brendan von Hofe, Sam Zimmerman

  2. Components of a Motor Neuron http://www.skooolnigeria.com/examcentre.aspx?id=270

  3. Transport Proteins and Channel Proteins At Rest: • Sodium-Potassium pumps that bring Potassium in and take Sodium out. During Action Potential: • Voltage-gated channels open up during a nerve impulse, allowing Sodium Ions to flood in, increasing the inside charge. (2)

  4. A Neuron at Rest • No signals sent or received • Sodium and Potassium • Sodium-Potassium pump always active (1&3) • arrangement of sodium and potassium create opposite net-charges • concentration gradient • Negative Charge inside of neuron

  5. A Look at the a Neuron at Rest http://bio1152.nicerweb.com/Locked/media/ch48/48_06bMembranePotentialB-L.jpg

  6. Action Potential Stimulus causes sodium voltage-gated channels to open Sodium floods into the cell This signal travels down the axon, reversing the charge as it goes (voltage reversal) To improve the polarity, potassium voltage-gated channels open This movement brings the charge back down to the resting potential.

  7. Action Potential cont. • Myelin Sheath (made up of lipids) (3) • Prevents electrical current from being released out of the neuron • Increases the speed of the action potential because does not allow this current to leave • Damaged or non-existent myelin sheath → Multiple Sclerosis.

  8. Action-Potential http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter14/animation__the_nerve_impulse.html http://scienceblogs.com/clock/wp-content/blogs.dir/458/files/2012/04/i-91bc1a5f2d248f09ffed13e377b9c940-ActionPotential.jpg

  9. Action Potential Analogy • During action potential the charge changes from negative to positive inside the neuron as it travels down the axon (2&3) → voltage reversal • Returns to resting-potential state as negative charges replace the positive charge • Resembles a wave

  10. References 1. "Animation: The Nerve Impulse." Animation: The Nerve Impulse. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Nov. 2013. <http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter14/animation__the_nerve_impulse.html>. 2. "Neuroscience For Kids." - action potential. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Nov. 2013. <http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/ap. 3. Starr, Cecie, and Ralph Taggart. "Information Flow and the Neuron."Ecology and behavior [from] Biology, the unity and diversity of life, ninth edition. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole, 2001. 574-579. Print.

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