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CH110 Chapter 2: Energy & Matter

CH110 Chapter 2: Energy & Matter. Potential & Kinetic Energy Energy from Food Temperature Specific Heat States of Matter Heating & Cooling Curves. Energy. Energy = The capacity to cause change. Heat Light. Units of Measurement. meter (m) 1 m = 1.09 yd.

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CH110 Chapter 2: Energy & Matter

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  1. CH110 Chapter 2: Energy & Matter Potential & Kinetic Energy Energy from Food Temperature Specific Heat States of Matter Heating & Cooling Curves

  2. Energy Energy = The capacity to cause change Heat Light

  3. Units of Measurement meter (m) 1 m = 1.09 yd liter (L) 1 L = 1.06 qt gram (g) 1 kg = 2.2 lb calorie (cal) 1Kcal = 1000 cal = 1Cal Joule (J) 1 cal = 4.18 J

  4. Energy Units of Energy = calorie cal kilocalorie kcal 1000 cal = 1 kcal Calorie Cal Cal = kcal joule J 4.18 J = 1 cal British Thermal Unit BTU

  5. H2O Energy • calorie: • E to raise 1 g H20 by 1 oC Specific Heat 1 cal 1g 1oC 1oC

  6. Energy from Food 4 kcal 1 g carb Carbohydrate 9 kcal 1 g fat Fat Protein 4 kcal 1 g protein

  7. Units of Measurement meter (m) 1 m = 1.09 yd liter (L) 1 L = 1.06 qt gram (g) 1 kg = 2.2 lb calorie (cal) 1Kcal = 1000 cal = 1Cal Joule (J) 1 cal = 4.18 J Celsius (oC) C = (F-32)/1.8 Kelvin (K) K = C + 273

  8. Temperature 180o 100o

  9. Temperature conversion • Common scales used • Fahrenheit,CelsiusandKelvin. oF = 1.8 oC + 32 oC = (oF - 32) 1.8 K = oC + 273 SI unit

  10. Trivial Pursuit Question • At what temperature does oF = oC? - 40 oF = - 40 oC - 40 o

  11. H2O Energy • calorie: • E to raise 1 g H20 by 1oC Specific Heat 1 cal 1g 1oC 1oC

  12. Au 0.031 Ag 0.057 Cu 0.093 Fe 0.11 Sand 0.19 Al 0.22 H2O 1.00 Specific Heat E to raise Temp of 1g substance by 1 oC cal 1g 1oC Add 1 cal 0oC = start

  13. Au 0.031 Ag 0.057 Cu 0.093 Fe 0.11 Sand 0.19 Al 0.22 H2O 1.00 Specific Heat E to raise Temp of 1g substance by 1oC 30o cal g oC 20o 10o 1o Add 1 cal 0oC = start

  14. Au 0.031 Ag 0.057 Cu 0.093 Fe 0.11 Sand 0.19 Al 0.22 H2O 1.00 Specific Heat 30o Low SpHt; Heats quickly 20o 10o 1o High SpHt; Resists change

  15. Sand 0.19 H2O 1.00 Specific Heat Dehydrated person Body temp rises quickly Hydrated person Resists change in body temp Heats quickly Gets hot Resists change Stays cold

  16. Elemental states at 25oC H He Solid Liquid Li Be B C N O F Ne Gas Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba Ls Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr

  17. Changes of State Fast, far apart, Random Vapor Condense Vaporize Boiling Pt Moderate, close, Random arrangement Liquid Melting Pt = Freezing Pt Melt Freeze Slow, close, Fixed arrangement Solid

  18. Changes of State Vapor Deposit Frost Liquid Sublime Freeze Dry Solid

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