“4-H Purpose, History, and Structure”

1. “4-H Purpose, History, and Structure” 4-H 101: Return to the Basics CES Staff Development Series Tuesday, February 14, 2006, 9:30-11:30 a.m. IP Video Presentation by Steve McKinley mckinles@purdue.edu; 765-494-8435

2. 4-H 101 Series • Effectively Utilizing Volunteers (10/4) • Starting and Maintaining 4-H Clubs (11/15) • Expanding 4-H Opportunities (12/13) • Characteristics of Positive Youth Development & Life Skill Development (1/10) • 4-H Purpose, History, and Structure (2/14) • Conflict Management Techniques (3/14)

3. Program Information… • Disconnected? Contact the AgIT Help Desk at 765-494-8333 • Provide feedback to: Steve at 765-494-8435, or mckinles@purdue.edu

4. 4-H Purpose, History, and Structure

5. Objectives: • Define the mission and vision of 4-H and Purdue Extension. • Characterize the uniqueness of the 4-H program. • Identify significant historical events related to the 4-H program. • Recognize significant historical events related to the Cooperative Extension Service. • Illustrate the structure of the 4-H program on the national, state, and local level. • Describe participation in the 4-H program on the national, state, and local level.

6. Objective #1: Define the mission and vision of 4-H and Purdue Extension. National 4-H Mission • 4-H empowers youth to reach their full potential, working and learning in partnership with caring adults. National 4-H Vision • A world in which youth and adults learn, grow and work together as catalysts for positive change.

7. Indiana 4-H Mission • “The mission of Indiana’s 4-H Youth Development Program is to assist youth and adults in their development by conducting hands-on educational programs using the knowledge base of Purdue University, other land-grant universities, and the United States Department of Agriculture.”

8. Purdue Extension Mission • “The mission of the Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service is the education of Indiana citizens through application of the land-grant university research and knowledge base for the benefit of agriculture, youth, families, and communities.”

9. Purdue Extension Vision • Empower clientele to access information, sort through and process it • Develop volunteers who share time and expertise • Accomplished by… • Utilizing appropriate technologies and communication networks • Creating a climate for our staff to realize their potential while being team players • Focusing on excellence

10. Objective #2: Characterize the uniqueness of the 4-H program. What makes the 4-H program unique? • Presence in every county • Funding sources (federal, state, local) • Connection to land-grant university • Only federally approved and organized youth development organization in the nation • What makes 4-H unique in ___ County?

11. 4-H Characteristics… • Largest out-of-school youth organization in the U.S. • 7 million + members • Cooperative Extension staff responsible for 4-H in every county in U.S. • 80 countries have some form of 4-H • Provides programs that are hands-on, age-appropriate, and university-based

12. Objective #3: Identify significant historical events related to the 4-H program. • 1902: First organized 4-H Clubs formed (OH) • 1904: First organized 4-H Clubs formed in Indiana (Hamilton County), under direction of John Haines – Boys Corn Club and Girls Bread Club • 1907-1908: 3-leaf clover designed by O.H. Benson (for Head, Hearts, and Hands) • 1911: 4th leaf added to clover for “Hustle” (later changed to Health)

13. 4-H Historical events continued… • 1912: 1st Extension Agent hired, Leonard B. Clore in LaPorte Co. • 1912: Z.M. Smith first State 4-H Leader • 1913: “Clore Bill” passed Indiana legislature authorizing $30,000 annually for Extension • 1915: 1st market hog class shown at Indiana State Fair • 1919: 1500 youth attend first 4-H Round-Up

14. 4-H Historical events continued… • 1927: 4-H Pledge composed by Otis Hall, Montgomery Co., IN, adopted (“and my world” added in 1973) • 1932: 1st State 4-H Junior Leader Conference conducted • 1942-1945: Indiana State Fair cancelled due to war efforts • 1950’s: 1st IFYE outbound group, Share the Fun Contest, and State Fair Achievement Trip

15. 4-H Historical events continued… • 1961: Indiana 4-H Foundation formed • 1962: Horse & Pony project formed • 1973: 1st Animal Science Workshop held • 1998: 4-H Membership changed from age to grade • 2003: State 4-H Office joins Department of Youth Development and Agricultural Education • 2004: Indiana 4-H Centennial Celebration

16. Objective #4: Recognize significant historical events related to the Cooperative Extension Service. • Mid-1800’s: science gains in importance • 1862: Morrill Act signed by President Lincoln to create land grant university system • Gave each state public land to be sold • Used proceeds to maintain a college • 1869: John Purdue donates land to Indiana for land-grant institution… Purdue University established

17. Extension Historical Events continued… • 1887: Hatch Act signed • Provided funds for agricultural experiment stations • 1890: 2nd Morrill Act signed • Provided additional resources for the development of universities • Established separate institutions for black colleges in the south

18. Extension Historical Events continued… • 1898: “Father of Extension”, Seaman Knapp hired • Demonstrated research results to LA farmers • 1905: Agricultural extension became a part of Purdue’s educational program • 1914: Smith-Lever Act signed by President Wilson • Extension becomes educational arm of USDA • Nationwide system established • National, State, and Local government funding partnership

19. Extension Historical Events continued… • WWI: • Food production emphasis • Farm cooperatives organized • Depression: • Emergency government program education • Home and money management • WWII: • Victory gardens • Food conservation

20. Extension Historical Events continued… • 1950’s: • Emphasis on program planning; family living • 1960’s & 1970’s: • EFNEP; expansion of community development • 1980’s & 1990’s: • Farm crisis management; issue programming; accountability emphasized

21. Extension Historical Events continued… • Today… • Purdue University and all other Land-Grant Institutions are: • “Dedicated not only to teaching young people and the discovery of information, but also to applying that knowledge to the solutions of problems to help people live better lives and to have better livelihoods.” (V. Lechtenberg, 11/2000.)

22. Objective #5: Illustrate the structure of the 4-H program on the national, state, and local level. • 4-H is coordinated by a number of agencies on National, State, and Local levels. • 4-H is the only federally approved and organized youth development organization in the nation. • Formed by Congress, authority for the 4-H Program rests with the United States Department of Agriculture and (within Indiana) Purdue University. • This federal status means we have specific guidelines regarding membership and how we conduct activities.

23. National Structure • United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) • Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (CSREES) • Families, Youth & Communities • Youth Development & 4-H • National 4-H Headquarters Dr. Cathann Kress, Director, Youth Development - Families 4-H and Nutrition (F4-HN) http://www.national4-hheadquarters.gov/

24. National Structure continued… • National 4-H Council • Partners with CSREES and 4-H at all levels—national, state, and local • Provides training, support, and curriculum development; fosters innovative programming; and facilitates meetings and connections within the 4-H partnership. • Manages the National 4-H Youth Conference Center and the National 4-H Supply Service • Governed by a Board of Trustees, made up of youth, representatives from 4-H, extension and land-grant universities, corporate executives, and other private citizens http://www.fourhcouncil.edu/

25. National Structure continued… • National 4-H Youth Conference Center • Chevy Chase, MD, one mile from D.C. • Opened in 1959 • Serves 35,000 youth annually • Only facility in D.C. area focused specifically on youth http://www.4hcenter.org/index2.html • National 4-H Supply Service • Authorized agent for items bearing the 4-H name and emblem • Publishes annual Source Book http://www.4-hmall.org/4H_Mall/Home/Default.asp

26. National Structure continued… • National 4-H Leadership Trust • Crafts and implements a unified voice and national presence for the stewardship of 4-H. Priority areas are: • Articulate Essential Elements of 4-H to all partners • Create dynamic, youth-oriented image of 4-H • Secure new sources of public and private funding for 4-H www.4hleadershiptrust.org • National 4-H Youth Directions Council • N4-HYDC is a council of youth who work together on a national level to improve 4-H in our nation and youth-adult partnerships.http://www.n4-hydc.org/

27. Indiana Structure • Purdue University • College of Agriculture • Cooperative Extension Service • Dr. David Petritz, Director • Department of Youth Development and Agricultural Education (YDAE) • 4-H Youth Development Program • Dr. Renee McKee, State 4-H Program Leader http://www.four-h.purdue.edu/

28. Purdue College of Agriculture

29. Purdue College of Agriculture

30. Cooperative Extension Service

31. Cooperative Extension Service

32. Cooperative Extension Service

33. Indiana Structure continued… • Indiana 4-H Foundation • Chartered in 1961 • Seeks to create and enhance growth and recognition opportunities for Indiana 4-H members and their leaders that they may develop the hallmarks of successful citizens: responsibility, leadership and integrity • Granted over $6 million in support of Indiana 4-H youth, volunteers and programs. • http://www.4h.org/

34. County Structure • County Government • County Commissioners • County Council • County Extension Advisory Board • County Extension Director • 4-H Youth Development Extension Educator • 4-H Youth Development Council &/or 4-H Fair Board • 4-H Volunteers

35. County Structure

36. County Extension Program Organization

37. County Extension Program Organization

38. Source of Purdue CES Organization Charts: http://www.ces.purdue.edu/anr/field/ceshandbook/sectionIIIorganization.html#charts

39. 4-H Youth Development Extension Educator • Primary Purpose: • Provide educational leadership in carrying out Extension’s mission in the local community. • Primary Responsibilities: • Plan programs that meet community’s needs • Communicate Purdue Extension philosophy, goals, and policies to a wide audience

40. 4-H Youth Development Extension Educator • Work with community advisory groups to establish local operating procedures in line with Extension’s mission • Develop and support volunteer leadership efforts, including appointment and dismissal of volunteers • Use university information to conduct educational programs • Network with people and organizations in the county to share Extension program information • Remain up-to-date professionally and adapt skillfully to change

41. 4-H Youth Development Council • Purpose: • Help plan and implement a 4-H Youth Development Program consistent with the mission of Extension. • Program should offer a variety of high-quality 4-H youth educational opportunities, be adequately supported, and be in accordance with the developmental needs of young people.

42. 4-H Council Functions • Program Planning • Needs assessment • Variety of delivery methods • Organized clubs, School enrichment, After-School, Mini/Exploring, Special interest, Exchanges, Camps, Workshops/Conferences

43. 4-H Council Functions • Implement guidelines that are: • Safe, Fair, Equitable • Perhaps unique to County, but consistent with State and Federal guidelines • Allow for participation in State activities • Provide equal opportunity for all to participate • Inclusive, notexclusive policies • Individual and group recognition • Program evaluation

44. 4-H Council Functions continued… • Audience Development • Year-round recruitment • Target new audiences as demographics change – take time to review county population trends • Notify public of plans • Volunteer Staff Development • Required to operate sound 4-H program • Support Extension Educator’s role with volunteer management • Volunteers may serve as policy-makers, in advisory role, or in direct contact with members and parents

45. 4-H Council Functions continued… • Resource Development • Annual program budget • Request funds from County Council • Raise private funds • Be knowledgeable, excited and involved in program • Resource Accountability • Funds must be used in compliance with USDA guidelines • Complete financial accounting and reporting for each 4-H unit (not just 4-H Clubs)

46. 4-H Council Functions continued… • Program Visibility • Promote program to potential participants • Share information with those who support the program with private and public dollars • Interagency Programming • Operate cooperatively with other youth-serving educational programs (e.g., schools, scouts, Junior Achievement, church groups) • Network with other Extension-related groups (e.g., Extension Board, Homemakers, 4-H Leaders, Fair Board)

47. Fair Boards • May or may not have 4-H Council functions or be tied to 4-H Program • Own and/or operate the Fairgrounds and associated functions • Typically have representation from the 4-H Council on Fair Board if the groups are separate

48. County Government • Provides funding for County Extension Office staff, facilities, and supplies • Provides funding for 4-H programming and Fairgrounds

49. Tips for 4-H Council President and Extension Educators to Work Together • Establish lines of communication early. Identify the most efficient method to communicate. • Cooperatively develop meeting agendas. • Sit together during meetings. • Identify 4-H Council information & training needs.

50. Tips for 4-H Council President and Extension Educators to Work Together • Relay upcoming events, deadlines, or other information to share with council members. • Don’t surprise each other with last minute agenda items or requests; plan ahead as much as possible. • Attend meetings. • Offer assistance to each other as needed.