Sample 1

1. Energy Environment and Buildings Project # 2 Tutorial Sample 1

2. Project #2  Sustainable energy: design objectives This project consists of the preparation of sustainable energy efficiency objectives pertaining to a past or present architectural design studio project.  Suggested guideline:  four or five pages of text (at least 900 words) plus any images you may wish to include, 81/2” x 11’ format. Be selective; choose only those objectives that are possible to integrate well into each particular project.  Refer to the LEED rating system for a useful checklist that can help GUIDE you.  Develop the objectives so that they are specific to your project. The goal of this project is to give the instructor an opportunity to comment in the intentions of the group.  And allow students to revise their goals and sustainable strategies for Project #3. Time allotted is 2 weeks: assigned during class #4 and due in class #6.  Project is to be completed in groups of two. Percentage of final mark: 30%

3. ASSESSMENT OF INITIAL DESIGN 5. Mechanical Services - the design utilizes operable windows to provide natural ventilation -high-efficiency appliances and toilets will use less water and produce less wastewater 6. Electrical Work - the design will use low-energy appliances and capitalize on natural lighting where possible 7. Other -the site is located close to public transportation (bus stop)

4. RATIONALE BEHIND DESIGN DECISIONS 1. Site Work -by minimizing demolition, the trees around the house protect it from the wind and provide natural shading in the summer -the use of natural vegetation aids in drainage on the sloped site 2. Materials -the materials used in the project were made more sustainable without sacrificing the concepts or appearance of the project 3. Doors and Windows -high quality doors and windows help to insulate the house and by being operable, give the user some control over temperature and ventilation 4. Solar Potential -due to the flat roofs and limited façade space of the house, solar and PV panels were not a practical option -the trombe wall integrates well into the original design and acts with the greenhouse doors and outside tress to create a system for controlling heating of the living spaces

5. RATIONALE BEHIND DESIGN DECISIONS 5. Mechanical Work -rainwater and greywater were harvested and used or reused for practical purposes in the house and garden -natural ventilation occurs through operable windows in every room, and room depths that do not exceed twice the room height as well as a stair that acts as a stack 6. Electrical Work -more efficient fixtures and low energy appliances reduce the energy demands of the house

6. Project #3  Sustainable energy: design presentation This project consists of the incorporation of the objectives outlined in Project #2 into the selected architectural design studio project, and the preparation of a presentation illustrating sensitivity to a sustainable approach to energy use and design.  Suggested guidelines: students are asked to prepare a PowerPoint presentation of approximately 15 slides.  The presentation is to last no longer than 10 minutes.  The Design Workshop is an important component of this project.  Students will have a chance to review their final projects directly with the instructors and have time to make any necessary adjustments.  The goal of this project is to successfully communicate both visually and verbally how you have considered sustainability within your project.    Time allotted is 8 weeks: assigned during class #6 and due in class #12.  Project is to be completed in groups of two. Percentage of final mark: 40%

7. PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS 4. Solar Potential -create a trombe wall and massive floor adjacent to greenhouse to work as a passive solar heating system

8. PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS 5. Mechanical Services -collect rainwater to use in toilets, dishwasher, and washing machines slightly sloped roofs channel water to drain water storage tank water pump & filter

9. PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS 5. Mechanical Services -extract ventilation through a stack driven by wind suction and/or thermal buoyancy

10. Sample 2

11. Assessment of Original Design – Historical and Structural Context - The program called for the addition of an architect’s studio to an existing vernacular residence in Bottmingen, Switzerland. • An earlier addition, serving as a semi public marionette theatre was designed by Herzog and de Meuron in 1984. • It is constructed completely from plywood, to create a relationship with the surrounding forests and with the natural environment. • The south façade bends sharply so that it does not disturb the roots of an existing tree. • Our intention is to create the same rapport with the environment that Herzog and de Meuron created with their addition. Existing Residence Addition Plywood House Site Plan Showing Original Design Intentions The Plywood House

12. Assessment of Original Design – Historical and Structural Context • The original design of the Architect’s studio consisted of a pre-fabricated concrete shell base combined with a steel frame structure supporting a flat laminated glass roof and walls. • The façade is modulated and has extensive glass usage which increases surface area and reduce energy efficiency. • To incorporate green initiatives we propose to look at: • Redesigning the original facade to decrease surface area • Exploring natural ventilation systems • The use of passive solar energy • Water collection and drip irrigation • Creating microclimates and developing a Green Roof. • Exploring rapidly renewable and recycled materials • Replace the glass roof which creates a greenhouse affect. Aerial View of the Original Architect’s Studio East Elevation of Original Design

13. Assessment of Original Design -Site Considerations • Location of the building minimises site disturbance, especially the need for additional driveways • The adjacent vegetation and green space are preserved • Creation of a courtyard: (Development of a microclimate) • Improve the quality of life of dwellers by extending the seasonal use of outdoor area, • Shelter facades from wind, increasing energy efficiency • -The parking lot was designed to take advantage of shade provided by existing trees , minimising heat islands. Forests Parking Lot Plywood House Addition Private Courtyard Existing Residence N Site Plan after the Addition of an Architect’s Studio

14. Proposal for Green Initiatives - Design Considerations Alter geometry to: -Reduce surface area -Allow for double façade -Reduce labour and material cost: Reduce waste. -Reduce cost through standardization - Use the open floor plan and clearance between ceiling and interior partitions to enhance the natural flow of heated air through the living space. Reception Conference Room Private Courtyard Kitchenette Studio Floor Plan of Architect’s Studio

15. The Cultural considerations of the Building Envelope • The house is designed as an architectural office and therefore must personify the public nature and the beliefs of its occupier. • The glazed facades expose the artists work and showcases his ideas. • We intend to maximize views of the surrounding woods, and create a visual connection to the outdoors • The addition will respect the direct connection established by Herzog and de Meuron to the natural environment and surrounding woods. Plywood House Architect’s Studio Relationship to existing trees South Elevation Visual connection to surrounding landscape East Elevation

16. - June - Day Light Study Models Orientation The largest areas of the façade are oriented East-West. Sunlight permeates the building all day facilitating initiatives to increase solar energy gains. It also minimizes the need for artificial lighting. Morning Afternoon

17. Double Skin Facade • Use a double skin active façade to facilitate natural air flow and ventilation • 1. Glazed Outer Façade Wall attached to structural columns • 2. Operable Windows, used as air inlets • 3. Fixed Windows • 4. Operable Vents, for air outlet through ‘skin’ 4 1 2 2 3 4

18. Double Skin – Continued – Use in Summer Climate • Instead of Air-conditioning, use of natural cross ventilation to cool the building during summers • The air flow in the double façade siphons air through manually operable windows • - Openings can be catered to user’s preference

19. Double Skin – Continued – Use in Winter Climate • - The double façade can be used in combination with an HVAC to heat the building in winter • As warm air rises through the façade it is fed back into the HVAC system and heat exchanger Supply air Return air HVAC

20. Trombe Floor and Passive Solar Heating • Due to the lack of vertical surfaces, a trombe floor was designed. It consists of water containers located in between the floor joists. • The thermal storage floor collects, stores, and distributes solar heat for space heating. I Trombe Floor

21. Water Efficiency Landscaping -Rain water would be collected from the roofs of all existing buildings -Collected water is stored in a cistern located in a crawl space under the addition to reduce the use of potable water for site irrigation, -The addition to the Plywood house would have an ‘extensive’ green roof and would therefore not require irrigation, -A drip irrigation system would be strongly recommended for the courtyard Rain water flows from roofs into existing Gutters Water Collection Unit Existing gutters are re- networked and connected to the new cistern.

22. Extensive Green Roof The implementation of an extensive green roof (only 4” to 6” thick) minimizes the overall visual thickness of the roof, providing for a suitable compromise between sustainability and the original design aesthetics. Furthermore it reinterprets the connection between the building and the landscape. Where transparency once established this connection, the green roof does now. Extensive green roof diagram Vegetation Soil (Growing Medium) Root Impermeable Insulation The green roof also serves to reduce the effect of heat islands, and it utilize rain water more efficiently

23. Material Selection –Choosing materials that are from a rapidly renewable source and/or can be recycled was a fundamental in our design considerations. Extensive Green Roof Fluorescent lights 75 % less energy than incandescent bulbs. Energy efficient windows (high-performance double-pained low E) on the courtyard façade. Double skin façade facing east. BioBase 501 Foam Insulation or Cellulose insulation in walls Plywood Panels, FSC certified, used for exterior cladding and interior wall finish Laminated Bamboo floor is a rapidly renewed resource with great potential and aesthetic appeal

24. Structure -Replace solid sawn lumber with Engineered lumber By revising the design of the structure it was possible to include the availability of standard material dimensions. By using standardized products, waste as well as labour cost are reduced. LVL Beams allow for a clear span of the interior and replace the need for steel while maintaining the lightness of the structure Glue Laminated Lumber post spaced every 4 feet support the roof structure OSB subfloor I Joists Foundation incorporates recycled flyash in concrete Steel frame supports the double facade. The durability of steel against the elements far outweighs the energy required to produce it

25. Energy Environment and Buildings Project # 2 Tutorial Reference Material

26. LEED Check list – Course handbook

27. Restorative Building Living Building Living/Restorative Building Improved building envelope - high performance glass, and increased insulation alternate envelope systems (sod roof). Significant open office plan. Reduced or no mechanical system - significant alternate energy sources for systems (PV’s, Fuel Cells, Wind), Water strategies which give back what’s taken. Improved lighting - high efficiency lighting fixtures, task lighting, aggressive day lighting scheme.

31. SUMMER MODE Busby + Associates Architects