Aftershocks of Abu Ghraib Scandal

1. Aftershocks of Abu Ghraib Scandal May 2004 • Story broke - April 2004 • Donald immediately after – Bush refused • resigned Nov after in Afghanistan and Iraq

2. Aftershocks of Abu Ghraib Scandal • George – June 2004 • 2004 Congressional Hearings • Congress passed (2005) • US army updated (p. 31, Terrorism)

4. UpdateIn 2009, President Obama issued an executive order requiring that the CIA abide by the restrictions set by the Army Field Manual in regards to the interrogation of prisoners.

5. Aftershocks of Abu Ghraib Scandal • George Tenet resigned – June 2004 • 2004 Congressional Hearings • Congress passed Detainee Treatment Act (2005) • US army updated manual on interrogation • various have asserted that the legal • Hamdan v. Rumsfeld, Boumediene v. Bush, Al Odah v. US • see “habeas corpus” (p. 31, Terrorism)

6. Habeas Corpus • Habeas corpus – Latin for “you have a body” • A claims that a person is being held illegally ( /reason) and requests release • Habeas corpus a person’s right being held indefinitely and . • detained in camps during used habeas corpus to claim

7. Aftershocks of Abu Ghraib Scandal • Abu Ghraib passed to Iraqi authorities – 2006 • some reports by various human rights organizations suggest that the abuse at Abu Ghraib was among US military as well as Afghan & Iraqi forces • Guantanamo Bay today: • Closure: President Obama sought to close the prison, • Trials: conducted by military (see p. 29, Terrorism, for ) • As of March 2013, 166 detainees remain • more details – p. 29-30, Terrorism

9. Extraordinary Rendition • means “handing over” • US captures • suspects , Jordan, Morocco, Pakistan – handed over • WHY? – • Human rights groups, like Amnesty International, claim this is • Bush v. Obama – anecdotal evidence suggests rendition is , but the practice continues • more details – p. 31-32, Terrorism

10. “The torture? A more serious blow to the United States than September 11, 2001 attacks. Except that the blow was not inflicted by terrorists but by Americans against themselves.”- Archbishop Giovanni Lajolo, foreign minister of the Vatican What do you think? Did the US administration’s policy on treatment of suspected terrorists help or hurt the US in the War on Terror?

11. War on Terror & Civil Liberties • Treatment of prisoners: Abu Ghraib, Guantanamo Bay, extraordinary rendition • The • passed by Congress in October of 2001 • of citizens and non-citizens in response to 9/11, in preparation • key issues: surveillance, detention w/o charges, • see box on p. 28, Terrorism

12. Additional Notes:

13. Additional Notes:

14. Liberty v. Security?

16. Signe Wilkinson—The Philadelphia Daily News, United States.

17. IraqAfter “Mission Accomplished”

19. The Occupation (p. 46-47, Iraq) • set up by US-led coalition: Provisional Authority (CPA) • members removed from positions of power • Iraqi army, police, and other • CPA hired private companies ( ) to and provide services • CPA gave control to Iraqis in 2004 –

20. Fighting in Iraq (p. 47-48, Iraq) • various v. US-led coalition • Iraqis v. foreigners • (referred to as “civil war”) • Iraqis v. Iraqis

23. –

24. Fighting in Iraq (p. 47-48, Iraq) • various insurgents v. US-led coalition • Iraqis v. foreigners • Sunni v. Shia (referred to as “civil war”) • Iraqis v. Iraqis • v. US-led alliance • foreigners* v. foreigners • Al Qaeda v. Shia • foreigners*v. Iraqis *Later in the war, stopped being a purely foreign force and began to

25. Challenges after US left Iraq • War – problems w/basic services: , medical facilities (p. 50-51, Iraq) • War brought Sunni v. Shia hostilities to the forefront • War brought foreign fighters with own agenda: Al Qaeda, Iran? • War increased “ ” (p. 52, Iraq)

27. The US in Iraq Now • See p. 54, Iraq, for answer to: • “How did Iraqis feel about the occupation?”

28. The US in Iraq Now • See p. 56, Iraq, for answer to: • “How did the war affect the United States’ relationship to other countries?”

29. The US in Iraq Now • Turn to p. 49 of your Iraq booklet • Start reading in the right hand column – begin with the sentence that mentions Barack Obama.

30. The US in Afghanistan Now • See p. 37-38, Afghanistan, for answer to: • “What are the plans for the US withdrawal from Afghanistan?”

31. The US in Afghanistan Now • See p. 38-39, Afghanistan, for answer to: • “How has support for the war declined in the US and other countries?”

32. The US in Afghanistan Now • See p. 39, Afghanistan, for answer to: • “How has the killing of Osama bin Laden affected the region?”