1 / 11

Capacitor Basics and Applications: A Detailed Guide for Beginners

Discover the fundamental concepts of capacitors, their working principles, and practical applications. Learn about charge, capacitance, energy stored, and dielectric effects. Find comparative insights on batteries. Visit howstuffworks to explore further.

keshia
Download Presentation

Capacitor Basics and Applications: A Detailed Guide for Beginners

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Example: a parallel plate capacitor has an area of 10 cm2 and plate separation 5 mm. 300 V is applied between its plates. If neoprene is inserted between its plates, how much charge does the capacitor hold. A=10 cm2 =6.7 V=300 V d=5 mm 300 V

  2. Example: how much charge would the capacitor on the previous slide hold if the dielectric were air? A=10 cm2 The calculation is the same, except replace 6.7 by 1. Or just divide the charge on the previous page by 6.7 to get… =1 V=300 V d=5 mm 300 V

  3. Visit howstuffworks to read about capacitors and learn their advantages/disadvantages compared to batteries! V=0 Conceptual Example A capacitor connected as shown acquires a charge Q. V While the capacitor is still connected to the battery, a dielectric material is inserted. V Will Q increase, decrease, or stay the same? Why?

  4. Back to our Example: find the energy stored in the capacitor. A=10 cm2 =6.7 V=300 V d=5 mm 300 V

  5. Example: the battery is now disconnected. What are the charge, capacitance, and energy stored in the capacitor? A=10 cm2 The charge and capacitance are unchanged, so the voltage drop and energy stored are unchanged. =6.7 V=300 V d=5 mm 300 V

  6. Example: the dielectric is removed without changing the plate separation. What are the capacitance, charge, potential difference, and energy stored in the capacitor? A=10 cm2 =6.7 V=? d=5 mm V=300 V d=5 mm

  7. Example: the dielectric is removed without changing the plate separation. What are the capacitance, charge, potential difference, and energy stored in the capacitor? A=10 cm2 The charge remains unchanged, because there is nowhere for it to go. V=? d=5 mm

  8. Example: the dielectric is removed without changing the plate separation. What are the capacitance, charge, potential difference, and energy stored in the capacitor? A=10 cm2 Knowing C and Q we can calculate the new potential difference. V=? d=5 mm

  9. Example: the dielectric is removed without changing the plate separation. What are the capacitance, charge, potential difference, and energy stored in the capacitor? A=10 cm2 V=2020 V d=5 mm

  10. Huh?? The energy stored increases by a factor of ?? Sure. It took work to remove the dielectric. The stored energy increased by the amount of work done.

  11. A “toy” to play with… http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/capacitor-lab (You might even learn something.)

More Related