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Oracle Database Instance Management

Oracle Database Instance Management. Oracle 10g. Outline. Management Framework. Managing Oracle instance through the Enterprise Manager. Database Instance Startup Stages. Database Instance Shutdown Modes. Parameter Files and Initialization Parameter. Management Framework.

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Oracle Database Instance Management

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  1. Oracle Database Instance Management Oracle 10g

  2. Outline • Management Framework. • Managing Oracle instance through the Enterprise Manager. • Database Instance Startup Stages. • Database Instance Shutdown Modes. • Parameter Files and Initialization Parameter. Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  3. Management Framework • The three components of the Oracle Database 10g management framework are: • Database instance. • Listener. • Management interface: • Database Control. • Management agent (when using Grid Control). Management agent -or- Database Control Listener Management interface EbtisamAlabdulqader

  4. Managing Oracle instance through the Enterprise Manager Oracle 10g

  5. Accessing Oracle Enterprise Manager http://10.144.20.250:5500/em Syourserial#_section# password Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  6. Oracle Database Instance Startup • Stages for Starting Up a Database: • NOMOUNT • MOUNT • OPEN Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  7. Starting Up an Oracle Database Instance: NOMOUNT OPEN STARTUP MOUNT Shutdown NOMOUNT Instance started SHUTDOWN Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  8. Starting Up an Oracle Database Instance: MOUNT OPEN STARTUP MOUNT Control file opened for this instance Shutdown NOMOUNT Instance started SHUTDOWN Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  9. Starting Up an Oracle Database Instance: OPEN OPEN STARTUP All files opened as described by the control file for this instance MOUNT Control file opened for this instance Shutdown NOMOUNT Instance started SHUTDOWN Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  10. Additional Instance Startup Options • Two additional options for Starting up an Instance: • Restrict access to the database. • Force the instance to start. Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  11. Restricted Access to the Database • Instance can be started in Restricted Mode so that the instance is available only to administrative personnel (not general database users). • This mode is used for the following tasks: • Perform an export or import of data. • Perform a data load (with SQL*Loader). • Temporarily prevent typical users from using data. • Perform certain migration or upgrade operations. Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  12. Forcing an Instance to Startup • In unusual circumstances, you might experience problems when attempting to start a database instance. • Because a previous instance might not have been shutdown cleanly. For example, one of the instance's processes might not have terminated properly. • In such situations, the database can return an error during normal instance startup. Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  13. Forcing an Instance to Startup • Instance can be forced to start up using the Force option and that will terminate all remnant Oracle processes of the previous instance before starting the new instance. • If an instance is running, Force startup will shutdown the instance with ABORT mode before restarting it. Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  14. Oracle Database Instance Shutdown • Modes for Shutting down a Database: • ABORT • IMMEDIATE • TRANSACTIONAL • NORMAL Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  15. Shutdown Modes During NORMAL or TRANSACTIONAL or IMMEDIATE • On the way down: • Uncommitted changes rolled back, forIMMEDIATE. • Database buffer cache written to data files. • Resources released. • On the way up: • No instance recovery. Consistent database (clean database) Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  16. Shutdown Modes During ABORT or Instance failure or STARTUP FORCE • On the way down: • Uncommitted changes not rolled back. • Modified buffersnot written to data files. • On the way up: • Online redo log files used to reapply changes. • Undo segments used to roll back uncommitted changes. • Resources released. Inconsistent database (dirty database) Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  17. Database Storage Architecture EbtisamAlabdulqader

  18. Parameter Files • A parameter file is a file that contains a list of initialization parameters and a value for each parameter. • spfile<SID>.ora • init<SID>.ora • Parameter file is read when instance start. Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  19. Initialization Parameters • Initialization parameters perform functions, such as: • Set limits for the entire database; • e.g. specify names of files or directories required by the database. • Set user or process limits; • e.g. the maximum number of database users. • Set limits on database resources; • e.g. the amount of space initially allocated for each memory area. • Optimize performance; • e.g. adjusting memory structures, such as the number of database buffers in memory. Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  20. Initialization Parameters: Examples Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  21. Initialization Parameters: Examples Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  22. Changing Initialization Parameter Values There are two types of initialization parameters: • Static parameters: • Can be changed only in the parameter file. • Require restarting the instance before taking effect. • Dynamic parameters: • Can be changed while database is online. • Can be altered at: Session level or System level parameters. Ebtisam Alabdulqader

  23. References • Oracle Database 10g: Administration Workshop I, student guide. • Oracle Database Reference 10g Release 1 (10.1). [Online]. Available: http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B14117_01/server.101/b10755/whatsnew.htm • Oracle Database 10g Release 1 (10.1) Documentation. [Online]. Available: http://www.oracle.com/technology/documentation/database10g.html Ebtisam Alabdulqader

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