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2. Unit 2 Working the land

3. 基础知识自测

4. 一、单词拼写根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。一、单词拼写根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。 1. ____________ [`strΛgl] vt. & vi.斗争；n.努力　　 2. ____________ [`sætisfaid]adj.感到满意的 3.____________ [`fri:d əm] n.自由；自主 4.____________ [i`kwip] vt.& vi.配备；装备 5._____________ [`auput]n.产量，输出量 6._____________[ik`spC:t]vt.输出 n.出口 7._____________[kən`fju:z]Vt.搞乱，使糊涂 8._____________[sə `plai]n.补给；vt.提供 9._____________[`sju:təbl]adj. 适当的，相配的 10.____________[ik`spAnd]vt.使膨胀vi.发展 struggle satisfied freedom equip output export confuse supply suitable expand

5. 11.____________[`sΛməri]n.摘要，概要 12.____________[`sə:kjuleit]v.使流通，（使）运行 13.____________[`bAk`tiəriə]n.细菌 14.____________[iks`tFeindV]vt.交换；n.交流 15.____________[`hQNgE]n.饥饿，欲望 16._____________[wCt`evE]pron.凡是……，无论什么 17._____________[ri`dju:s]vt.减少，简化 18._____________[nju:`triFEn] n. 营养，滋养 19._____________[grein]n.谷物，颗粒 20._____________[`sju:pE]adj.特级的，超级的 summary circulate bacteria exchange hunger whatever reduce nutrition grain super

6. 二、单词运用根据句子的结构和意义，或首字母提示或汉语提示，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词。二、单词运用根据句子的结构和意义，或首字母提示或汉语提示，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词。 1. We had a ___________(努力) to stop the criminal. 2. The document will be _____________(传阅)to all members. 3. I’ll type your report if you’ll baby-sit in e______________. 4. Our farm ___________the market with fruits and vegetables. 5. We should s_____________ the results of the exam briefly and report to the headmaster. struggle circulated exchange supplies summarize

7. 6. Sydney’s population _____________rapidly in the 1960s. 7. He has a ________ (晒黑的) face and bright eyes. 8. The plane _________speed as it was approaching the airport. 9. The workers there worked _______ crazy, with only thirty minutes` break at noon. 10. He __________(耕作) the farm with great success. expanded sunburnt reduced like worked

8. 三、词语派生用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。三、词语派生用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. He has a ________ (hungry) for knowledge. 2. Yuanlongping is famous for ___________ (supply) the farmers with super hybrid rice seeds. 3. Some organic farmers prefer ________ (plant) grass between to ________ (prevent)wind or water from carrying away the soil. 4. Mr Brook cares little about spending the money on himself or ___________ (lead) a comfortable life. 5. My mother doesn’t like me wearing short skirts to church , for she doesn’t think that ________ (suit). hunger supplying planting prevent leading suitable

9. 6. I am a bit ____________(confuse). Is that her husband or her son she is with? 7. Yesterday 1 bought 10 flavors of ice-cream---enough _____________ (satisfy) my roommates. 8. Chemical fertilizers kill both ________ (help) and harmful bacteria and pests. 9. He insisted that he _______________ (suffer) from heart trouble, but I didn’t think so. 10. Do you know that___________ (chat) with wise men improves your mind? confused to satisfy helpful was suffering chatting

10. 四、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。 1. 对……有天赋 ____________________ 2. 定居 _____________________ 3. 防止;阻止_________________ 4. 依靠，依赖 _______________ 5. 在许多方面_______________ 6. 照顾 _______________ 7. 陷入困境 _________________ 8. 作出解释_______________ 9. 谋生__________________ 10. 查阅，谈到 _______________ have a gift for settle down prevent …from depend on in many ways care about be in trouble account for earn one’s living refer to

11. 11. Thanks to____________ 12. get rid of _______________ 13. be satisfied with______________ 14. lead a ...life _______________ 15. would rather __________________ 16. by accident _______________ 17. look forward to ______________ 18. devote to _______________ 19. break out _______________ 20. insist on ________________ 多亏了...... 摆脱，除去 对……感到满意 过……的生活 宁愿 偶然地，意外地 期待 献身于 爆发 坚持

12. 五、词组运用根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选一个适当的词组并用其适用的形式填空。五、词组运用根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选一个适当的词组并用其适用的形式填空。 1. He got the first prize in the speech contest. His teacher___________________ his performance. 2. It is really a hot day. I ____________ stay in the house with air-conditioning than go out shopping. 3. Please__________ the last page of the book for answers after doing the exercises. 4. _________ your help, we could finish the task on time. 5. Most of the people in remote mountainous area __________ poor _____. was satisfied with would rather refer to Thanks to lead a life

13. 6. In order to protect the rivers from being polluted, we must _______________ factories ______ pouring waste into them. 7. When a child knows that he ________________, he feels safe and secure. 8. The girl struggled to_______ herself ____ her fears. 9. Some schools ____________ their students wearing school uniforms. 10. After the war ______________, he was taken on by a foreign company. stop / prevent from is cared about rid of insist on broke out

14. Language points for Reading I Language points for Reading II Language Data Bank

15. Let’s learn the language points in Unit 2 together. Are you ready? Go! Language points for Reading I

16. If so=If you have ever grown some plants. • so 表示“象那样的，如前所说的”，用于代替已陈述的事。如： • -----can you pass the exam? • ------I hope so.

17. 2.Dr Yuan grows what is called super hybrid rice. 袁博士种植了被人称作超级杂交水稻的稻谷。 What =the thing(s) that e.g. I don’t quite understand what you are explaining. Please watch what I am doing carefully.

18. ______the emperor saw was quite different from_______ the old minister told him. • A. What, that B. That, what • C. Which, that D. All, all

19. 2. It is pretty well understood _______controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A. that B. when C. what D. how

20. 3.This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. 这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。 it 在句中作形式宾语，真正的宾语为to produce…, 结构为：动词（make, feel, think, regard…）+it +adj+ to do. e.g.We think it important to learn English well.

21. 4.Born in a poor farmer’s family in 1931,Dr. Yuan graduate from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953. 袁博士1931年出身于一个贫苦农民的家庭，1953年毕业于西南农学院。 graduate n. a person who has completed a university degree course. 毕业生 undergraduate 本科毕业生 post-graduate 硕士毕业生，研究生

22. graduate vi. complete an educational course. 常跟介词from，表示“毕业于” graduation n. 毕业 e.g. After his graduation from college, he went to work as an engineer in a company. =After he graduated from college, he went to work as an engineer in a company.

23. Supplement : bachelor’s degree 学士学位 master’s degree 硕士学位 doctor’s degree 博士学位

24. 5.Since then, he has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice. 从那以后，他就把毕生精力投入到水稻高产的研究中。 devote oneself to+ n/doing 献身于，致力于 注意：to 为介词，后面接v-ing.类似的短语还有look forward to, listen to, get to, reply to, apologize to, belong to, agree to等等.

25. 6. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvest without expanding the area of fields. 袁博士寻求一种在不扩大种植面积的情况下提高水稻产量的方法。 注意：search强调搜查，一般表示目标明确范围较小。search sb 搜身；search spl 搜查某地 search for 强调寻找，一般表示范围较大。 search for sb 寻找某人

26. e.g. The police searched the woods for the lost child. 警察在树林里寻找失踪的小孩。 Scientists are still searching for a cure to the common cold. 科学家们仍然在寻找普通感冒的治疗方法。

27. search/searchfor/in search of to search 1.The officer went up ______________the murder. 2.The thieves are ____________________the hidden treasure in the museum. 3.Birds fly to the south ______________the winter sunshine. searching for in search of

28. 7.Thanks to his research, the UN is trying to rid the world of hunger. 由于他的研究，联合国正在努力清除世界饥饿。 thanks to=because of ;owing to Thanks to your support e.g.__________________________, we won the game. 由于你的支持，我们赢得了比赛。

29. 8.Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before. 用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出比以前多一倍的粮食。 倍数词（twice/half/three times/a quarter etc.）+as + 形容词原级 +as …表示“是…的多少倍 e.g. The number of the students in our school is ___________________________ in their school. 我们学校学生的数量是他们学校的两倍。 twice as large as that

30. 9. However, he cares little about spending the money on himself or leading a comfortable life. 但是他很少想到要把钱花在自己的身上，或享受舒适的生活。 lead a …life 过……生活。英语中少数动词，包括一些不及物动词的宾语可能是与它同源的名词类似的短语动词有：die a …death, smile a …smile, dream a … dream, live a …life, sigh a …sigh etc.

31. care (little/much) about-------be concerned about 关心，介意，后面跟从句时候，about常省略。 care for-----look after 照料； like or want 想要，喜欢 e.g. Albert Einstein didn’t care much about what to wear. Would you help to care for my pet while I am away?

32. 10. Dr Yuan is more a farmer than a scientist. 与其说袁博士是一个科学家不如说他是一个农民。 be morethan=not only 不仅仅，超过 e.g. Learning is more than reading. be more +A +than +B与其说是B还倒不如说是A e.g. He is more an ordinary person than a leader.

33. Remember to review the knowledge! See you next time!

34. Let’s learn the language points in Unit 2 together. Are you ready? Go! Language points for Reading II

35. Words and expressions: 1.reduce v make sth smaller in size,number,degree,price,etc. e.g. 公司尽力通过减少花销来提高利润。 The company tries to increase profits by _______________ . 今年我们已经减少了业务开支。 We ______________ expenses this year. reducing costs have reduced

36. 2. Supply v give sb sth that is needed or useful. e.g. 当我写报告时，他不断地给我提供咖啡。 He kept me well ________ with cups of coffee _______________________ . 在这家商店她买不到她所想买的东西。 The shop was unable to ________________________ . supplied while I wrote the report supply what she wanted

37. 3. refer to v mention or speak of sb/sth. e.g. 当我说有些人是很愚蠢的时候，我不是说你。 When I said some people were very stupid, I __________________ . 别再提这件事了。 _________________________ . wasn’t referring to you Don’t refer to this matter again

38. Sentences and structures: I. Find out all the sentences with “ v+ing” forms, and try to remember them.

39. II. Translate the following sentences, and tell what part of speeches the red parts are used as. 1.他也指用自然肥料而不是化肥种植的庄稼。 It also ___________ crops _______ with natural ____________ chemical fertilizers. refers to growing rather than 注：Growing … 在句中充当定语。修饰crops.

40. 2. 他们说，把这种肥料施在农田里会使土壤含有更丰富的矿物质，而（土壤）也会更加肥沃。 _____________________________ ,they argue,makes the soil ________________ and __________________ . 注：Putting …在句中充当状语。 Putting this in their fields richer in minerals so more fertile

41. 3、这一点很重要，因为土壤改良了，农作物的病虫害就减少了 ，因而有助于农作物的茁壮成长。 This is important because ____________ _____________ ________ diseases in crops and helps them grow _______________________ . developing a healthy soil reduces strong and healthy 注：developing…在句中充当主语。

42. 4、然而使用化肥会带来很大的问题。 However,___________________________ is a big problem. using chemical fertilizers 注：using …在句中充当主语。

43. 5、第一，在田地里长期遗留化学物质对土壤和水源不利。5、第一，在田地里长期遗留化学物质对土壤和水源不利。 Firstly,____________________ in the ground for a long time is _________________________________ . leaving chemicals not good for the soil or the water supply 注：leaving …在句中充当主语。

44. 6、不同的是，有机耕作的农民们坚持每隔两三年换种农作物。6、不同的是，有机耕作的农民们坚持每隔两三年换种农作物。 Instead, _______________ ____________ ___________________ __________________________ . organic farmers insist on changing crops every two or three years 注：changing…在句中充当宾语。

45. 7、这些农作物将矿物质带回土壤，使之肥沃强效，适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物，例如玉米和小麦。7、这些农作物将矿物质带回土壤，使之肥沃强效，适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物，例如玉米和小麦。 These put the minerals back into the soil,________________________________ to grow crops that __________________ _____________ ______________________ . making it rich and healthy and ready need rich and fertile soil like corn or wheat 注：making…在句中充当状语。

46. 8、但无论他们种什么，他们确保在收割后留在地里的东西成为来年农作物 的天然肥料。 But ___________________ they _________that ____________in the ground after ___________ becomes a ________________ for the next year’s crops. whatever they grow make sure what is left harvesting natural fertilizer 注：harvesting…在句中跟after一起充当时间状语。

47. Practice: 选词填空 （ occupation, job, profession, work ) a. Please state your name,age and_____________ below. b. I have a few _____ to do in the house this morning. c. Looking after children all day is hard____ d. My husband is at the very top of medical____________ . occupation jobs work profession

48. 2) concentrate vt. to give all one’s attention to sth and not to think about anything else.集中 to come or bring together at one place 聚集 ※ concentrate on (doing) sth 专注于（做）某事 concentrate the /one’s mind 集中注意力； 聚精会神 concentrate one’s effort/attention on sth 集中力量/注意力于某事 concentration n. 专心；聚集 ※ ※ ※

49. Practice: • 完成句子： • Stop talking and ________________________ . • ( 专心工作 ) • b. Everyone ____________________ ( 集中注意力 ) when they have an exam. • c. I decided to ________________________ ( 全力以赴 ) finding somewhere to live. concentrate on your work concentrates the mind concentrate all my efforts on

50. 3) meanwhile, during, while 词义辨析 meanwhile意为“同时”,与at the same time意思相同。意为“期间”时，是副词，在句中单独做状语。 during 意为“在、、、期间”，是介词，后接名词、代词。 while 意为“在、、、期间”，是连词，引导时间状语从句。