Accounting Determination and Automatic Postings

1. Accounting Determination and Automatic Postings

2. Lecture Overview • Automated postings (GR / IR)

3. Automated Postings (Intro) • There are many places in the SAP system where automatic account determination and subsequent automatic postings are performed • All of this is configured through the IMG • You create a set of posting rules for a particular subsystem

4. Automated Material Postings • When we receive or consume materials (goods receipt / goods issue) the transaction is automatically posted to various inventory and other accounts • This happens through a rule-based assignment process • There are rules used to value materials • There are rules used to assign G/L accounts to certain types of transactions • We call these automated postings

5. Automated Material Postings • IMG transactions to define material valuation

6. Valuation Area and Group (1) • Remember that an SAP valuation area is either a plant or company (plant / company valuation) • Global Bike uses plant-level valuation as most do

7. Valuation Area and Group (2) • A valuationgroup is used to optionally support different account determination rules between plants • Materials in different plants by assigning plants to different valuation groups • Different plants can record goods movements to different inventory accounts • Global Bike uses one valuation grouping code so one group of G/L accounts is shared by all plants

8. Valuation Area and Group (3) • Valuation grouping can be enabled or disabled • Transaction code OMWM enables or disables valuation grouping

9. Valuation Area and Group (4) • IMG: Materials Management -> Valuation and Account Assignment -> Account Determination -> Account Determination Without Wizard -> Group Together Valuation Areas (OMWD)

10. Valuation Class and Account Category Reference (1) • Remember that a valuation class is used to determine the G/L account updated resulting from a material-relevant transaction • A valuation class also belongs to an account category • And the account category links the valuation class with the material type

11. Account Category Reference • Materials Management -> Valuation and Account Assignment -> Account Determination -> Account Determination Without Wizard -> Define Valuation Classes (OMSK)

12. Valuation Classes • A valuation class belongs to an account categoryreference andmaterials havea valuationclass

13. Valuation Classes and Material • If I create a raw material (Create Special) I can only select those valuation classes for ARef 0001

14. Material type / Account Category Reference • Raw materials belong to the account category 0001

15. Summary • The material type Raw Materials (ROH) belongs to the Account Reference Raw Materials Reference (0001) • Valuation classes 0710, 7020, 3000,3001,3002,3003 belong to Aref (0001)

16. Illustration Account Reference Valuation Class MaterialType

17. PART 2 • AND NOW FOR THE TRANSACTIONAL PART OF AUTOMATIC POSTINGS

18. Configuring Automatic Postings • Invoice verification and inventory management transactions are posted automatically to financial and cost accounting systems • Materials belonging to a valuation class have an associated ( automatically determined) inventory (G/L) account

19. Account Determination • Company code determines the relevant chart of accounts (GL00) for Global Bike • Company code and plant determine the valuation area and valuation group (discussed previously • Transaction key is determined from the goods movement type • We connect the transaction key to G/L account numbers here • Material valuation class

20. Table T020 tells the story • Global Bike uses the same valuation grouping code for all plants (0001) • Note how the different valuation classes point to different accounts

21. Table T020 tells the story • For transaction key BSX (Inventory Posting), valuation class 3000 (Raw Materials) posts to G/L account 200000 (Inventory-Raw Materials) • For transaction key BSX (Inventory Posting) Valuation class 3100 (trading goods) posts to G/L account 200200 (trading goods

22. Transaction Keys • Transaction keys play a pivotal role in automatic postings • These SAP predefined transaction keys are used for various types of goods movements • Transaction code BSX is used for all posting to material stocks (goods receipt and goods issue)

23. Configure Automatic Postings • Transaction keys are part of the automatic posting process

24. Configure Automatic Postings • Transaction keys are grouped by function • These apply to materials management • Use transaction key BSX for inventory postings

25. Configure Automatic Postings • Transaction key BAX • Association the various valuation classes with specific accounts

26. Configure Automatic Postings • Rules determine how the accounting determination is performed • Based on valuation class in this case

27. Configure Automatic Postings • A posting key determines • Valid account types • Whether the posting is a debit or credit posting • Layout of entry screens (we are not concerned with screen layout here • Posting keys are defined at the client level • SAP delivers a number of predefined posting keys

28. Configure Automatic Postings • SAP predefined posting keys

29. Configure Automatic Postings • Posting keys for transaction key BSX • Posting key 89 is for stock inward movement • Posting key 90 is for stock outward movement