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AIRLIE Hypertension Study

AIRLIE Hypertension Study. A utomated I ntervention to R educe L ifestyle I mpact on E merging Hypertension. Principal Investigator Judith McCalla, PhD Co-Investigators Ali Ahmed, MD Shawna Ehlers, PhD Kevin Everett, PhD Paula Rhode, PhD Tracy Riley, PhD, RN. Consultants

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AIRLIE Hypertension Study

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  1. AIRLIEHypertension Study Automated Intervention to Reduce Lifestyle Impact on Emerging Hypertension

  2. Principal Investigator Judith McCalla, PhD Co-Investigators Ali Ahmed, MD Shawna Ehlers, PhD Kevin Everett, PhD Paula Rhode, PhD Tracy Riley, PhD, RN Consultants Karina Davidson, PhD Judy Ockene, PhD Walter Ambrosius, PhD Francois Lesperance, MD Investigative Team

  3. Background: Hypertension (HTN) and Pre-HTN • HTN/high BP: >140/90 mm Hg or current Tx with anti-hypertensives • Affects ~50M or 1/4th of all US adults • HTN: Independent risk factor for multiple CVD • High normal BP: Also independent risk factor • Pre-HTN: SBP 120-139/ DBP 80-89 mmHg • Significance: Healthy lifestyles could lower progression of pre-HTN to HTN

  4. Significance of Pre-HTN • Incidence of HTN increases with age • New JNC-VII guidelines identify pre-hypertensive category • Adoption and maintenance of healthier lifestyle may reduce BP in pre-hypertensive persons and reduce incidence of HTN

  5. Modifiable Risk Factors for HTN • Excess body weight • Reduced physical activity • Excess dietary sodium intake • Inadequate intake of fruits, vegetables, and potassium • Excess alcohol intake

  6. Prevalence of Risk Factors for HTN • Overweight or obesity alone affects 122 million Americans • 80% of Americans live sedentary lives w/o any regular physical activity • Over 75% do not consume > 5 servings of fruits and vegetables/day

  7. Background Literature • Lifestyle Modification: Lower BP • Weight loss • Increased physical activity • Decreased alcohol consumption • Adherence to DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension • E.g., 1600 mg sodium DASH eating plan might be as effective as single drug therapy in lowering BP in some individuals

  8. Multiple Risk Factors • Risk factors for HTN are often intertwined • Combination of multiple lifestyle modifications might be more effective than single lifestyle modification • However, multi-factor interventions may be complicated by low adherence

  9. Objectives • Primary Aim • Test the efficacy of a patient-centered lifestyle intervention in reducing systolic BP in a sample of pre-hypertensive, overweight adults compared to usual care control at 6-months • Secondary Aims • Test the efficacy of a lifestyle intervention in reducing the onset of HTN in pre-hypertensive, overweight adults over an 18 month period • Reduce weight in lifestyle intervention group compared to usual care control

  10. Design • Design – multi-site, parallel 2-arm RCT • Population • Overweight and slightly obese adults who meet JNC-VII guidelines for pre-hypertension • Innovation • Multi-factor behavioral intervention • Telephone expert system • Patient-centered

  11. Inclusion Criteria • BMI: 25-35 Kg/m2 • BP: 120-139/80-89 mmHg • 18-70 years of age • English/Spanish Speaking

  12. Exclusion Criteria • Hx of HTN • CV diagnosis/event • severe psychiatric illness including MDD • Neuro-cognitive impairment • Pregnant/potential pregnancy • Alcohol/Drug dependency • Concurrent medications significantly impacting BP or experimental meds

  13. Study Protocol • Recruitment • mass mailing • media announcements • community-based events • Prescreening • Prescreened for BP and BMI • Fact sheet provided • Scheduled for clinic screening

  14. Study Protocol • Screening • Informed consent • Baseline Measures • Clinic BP • BMI/Body Fat Index • Waist Circumference • Co-morbidity Index

  15. Study Protocol • Baseline Measures, continued • Lifestyle Inventory • Block Food Frequency Questionnaire • International Physical Activity Questionnaire • Alcohol Consumption (> 14 drinks per week) • Smoking Status (salivary cotinine) • Psychosocial Measures • Prime MD • SF-36 • BDI

  16. Randomization • Enrollment and Randomization • One week post screen • Off-site blocked randomization • Computer stratified randomization • Clinic • Race

  17. Follow-up Assessment • Follow up • 3 months abbreviated assessment • Only BP, weight, body fat analysis • 6, 12, 18 month repeated assessment of baseline measures

  18. Experimental and Control Groups • Usual Care Group Overview • One time meeting with behavioral coach • Review pamphlet regarding risk factors and encourage participant to follow it • Give refrigerator magnet as a reminder of the study • Tell participant of upcoming assessments

  19. Experimental and Control Groups • Lifestyle Intervention Group Overview • Interactive Telephone Expert System • Patient-centered • Multi-factor behavioral

  20. Experimental and Control Groups • Lifestyle Intervention Group Overview • Initial meeting with behavioral coach • Discuss health assessment results • Assist in selecting 3 components to work on either simultaneously or sequentially for next 6 months • Introduce Interactive Telephone Expert System • Remind participant of upcoming assessments • Give refrigerator magnet as a reminder of the study

  21. Design – Patient-CenteredLifestyle Intervention • Health Risk Assessment • Recommended Components • Physical Activity • Low Sodium Diet • DASH Diet (↑ fruits & veggies; ↓ fat & calories) • Stop Smoking • Reduce Alcohol Consumption • Stress Management • Participant Selection of 3 Components

  22. Participant Contact during Study

  23. Staff Training • Training • Expert Consultation Workshop at Airlie for all study related staff/investigators/site coordinators • Recruitment, consent, enrollment protocol • Data Collection • Blood pressure, waist circumference: Inter-rater reliability > .80 • Database management

  24. Staff Training • Manuals • Behavioral Coach • Participants • Data Collectors • Site Coordinators/Staff • Procedure

  25. Design – Data Collection and Quality Control • Subject casebooks • Random checks of procedure completeness • Forms • Depression symptom monitoring • Follow-up of patients who haven’t accessed system > 1 week • Monthly site meetings • Quarterly inter-rater reliability site checks • Quarterly PI meetings • Annual and study end reports

  26. Data Analysis • Power Analysis • N= 852/ group • 90% Power • Assumptions • 2-sided test at the 5% level • Difference of 1.7mmHg (PREMIER, 2003) • SD of 9.7mmHg (PREMIER, 2003) • 20% attrition

  27. Data Analysis • Primary Analysis • Mixed Model, adjust for baseline, unstructured covariance • Secondary Analysis 1 • Generalized Estimating Equation, unstructured correlation • Secondary Analysis 2 • Mixed Model, adjust for baseline, unstructured, time X treatment interaction

  28. Organization • Clinical sites • Data Coordinating Center • University of Miami • DSMB Criteria and Development • Adverse event reporting guidelines • Termination policies

  29. Time for Questions

  30. AIRLIEHypertension Study Automated Intervention to Reduce Lifestyle Impact on Emerging Hypertension

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