1 / 8

Vaccination:

Vaccination:. Vaccine : Is a nonpathogenic immunogen that, when inoculated into a host, induces protective immunity against a specific pathogen. Examples : - Smallpox vaccine (developed by Edward Jenner in 1798). - Rabies vaccine (developed by Louis Pasteur in 1880).

kevin-mclaughlin
Download Presentation

Vaccination:

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Vaccination: Vaccine: Is a nonpathogenic immunogen that, when inoculated into a host, induces protective immunity against a specific pathogen. Examples: -Smallpox vaccine (developed by Edward Jenner in 1798). -Rabies vaccine (developed by Louis Pasteur in 1880).

  2. Properties of Vaccines: Vaccines must be characterized the following criteria: 1-Induce effective protection against pathogen without significant danger of disease or severe side effects. 2-Must inducelong-standing immunity against specific disease. 3-Must be able to stimulate cellular and Humoral (Neutralizing Abs) immunity against specific pathogen.

  3. N 4-Must be inexpensive, and easy to produce. 5-Must be stable for storage, transport, and use. Types of Vaccines: 1-Active vaccine: Microbes, or microbial antigens (capsular proteins or toxins) administrated to produce humoral and cellular immune response. 2-Passive vaccine: Animal sera which contain antibodies to stimulate the humoral immunity.

  4. Control of vaccination procedure: Factors that should be considered in immunization procedure: 1-Pathogenic dose. 2-Site of administration. 3-Form of vaccine. 4-Individuals age. 5-Individuals immunity.

  5. Types of active Vaccines: 1-Live Vaccine: living organisms able to establish infectious disease. Example: Measles virus. 2-Attenuated Vaccine: living microbes treated by heat, or chemicals. Example: Polio virus. 3-Killed Vaccine: dead microbes due to physical or chemical treatment. Example:Pertussis and Hepatitis A.

  6. N 4-Subunit Vaccine: Capsular material or viral capsid. Example: H. influenzaeB and Hepatitis B. 5-Toxoid Vaccine: inactivated bacterial toxins. Example: Diphtheria and Tetanus. 6-Recombinant Vaccine: Genetically modified microbes with low virulence.

  7. Adjuvants: -Bacterial components or other substances (chemical), suspended in oil that administrated together with vaccines to increase the effectiveness of immunization. Examples: -The Pertussis component of DTP vaccine. -Aluminum phosphate or hydroxide.

  8. Vaccines(EX.) used in Childhood immunization schedule: 1-Polio (attenuated): administrated orally. 2-DTP:Intramuscular. -Diphtheria: toxoid -Tetanus: toxoid. -Pertussis: killed. 3-MMR:Subcutaneous. -Measles. -Mumps. -Rubella. 4-Hepatitis B: IM.

More Related