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A review of high-intensity laser-driven ion acceleration and induced nuclear phenomena

A review of high-intensity laser-driven ion acceleration and induced nuclear phenomena. Paul McKenna Royal Society of Edinburgh Research Fellow. LEIF Meeting, June 2003. Introduction. Accelerating gradient ~TV/m. Laser-driven proton acceleration. Proton acceleration on Vulcan petawatt.

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A review of high-intensity laser-driven ion acceleration and induced nuclear phenomena

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  1. A review of high-intensity laser-driven ion acceleration and induced nuclear phenomena Paul McKennaRoyal Society of Edinburgh Research Fellow LEIF Meeting, June 2003

  2. Introduction Accelerating gradient ~TV/m

  3. Laser-driven proton acceleration

  4. Proton acceleration on Vulcan petawatt CCD camera Front Front BACK Back Protons Cu activation stack Target 0.1mm 0.1mm 0.25mm 0.25mm 0.5mm 0.5mm 1.0mm 1.0mm CPA pulse

  5. Proton beam quality measurements Structure after substracting the general intensity rise in the middle ~28 MeV 1 cm 10 m structure 50 m Au ~35 MeV 1 cm 45 mm Cu filters Film Source size:~40 m for 40 MeV; :~150 m for 4 MeV Normalised emittance N < 0.5  mm mrad at 40 MeV (c.f. CERN Linac2, protons ~50 MeV: N ~1.7  mm mrad)

  6. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) 14N + p  11C + 4He 11C 20 mins 13C + p  13N + n 13N 10 mins 15N + p  15O + n 15O 2 mins 18O + p  18F + n 18F 1.7 hours

  7. Laser driven PET isotope production

  8. Laser driven PET isotope production

  9. Automated FDG Synthesis • 18F ions are trapped on a cartridge and enriched water [O18]H2O is recovered • 18F used in labelling reaction

  10. Laser-driven heavy ion acceleration

  11. Heavy ion acceleration measurements 220cm 2.5cm References: Clark et al., Phys.Rev. Lett., 85, 1654 (2000) Krushelnick et al., IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 28, 1184 (2000) Activation material Thomson parabola spectrometer Ions Ions 5cm Target foil CR39 Pinhole VULCAN pulse

  12. Nuclear activation: Experiment arrangement Activation samples Iodine samples Laser pulse Resistively heated target

  13. Ion-induced reactions: Typical gamma spectrum Main target: 100m Fe, Activation target: C 860C

  14. Fusion-evaporation reactions observed PACE2 – calculated cross-sections Fusion-evaporation reactions: 56Fe + 12C  67Ge + n 56Fe + 12C  66Ge + 2n 56Fe + 12C  66Ga + p + n 56Fe + 12C  65Ga + p + 2n 56Fe + 12C  63Zn +  + n 56Fe + 12C  62Zn +  + 2n 56Fe + 12C  61Cu +  + p + 2n 56Fe + 12C  60Cu +  + p + 3n

  15. Typical deduced ion spectrum Fe ions: Protons: 63Cu(p,n)63Zn Cold: 16 kBq 860C: 100 Bq Emax > 7 MeV/nucleon N ~ 5 x 1011, C ~ 0.5 mC I ~ MA (~ ps pulse)

  16. Laser-driven photo-nuclear reactions

  17. Nuclear activation: Experiment arrangement Activation samples Iodine samples Laser pulse Resistively heated target

  18. Photo-induced transmutation 129I is a nuclear waste product Half-life = 15.7 million years 129I( ,n)128I 128I: Half-life = 25 minutes

  19. Personnel RJ Clarke, PA Norreys, KL Lancaster, S Karsch K Krushelnick, MS Wei, P Nickelson, S Mangles Paterson institute for Cancer Research M Roth, E Brambrink, M Hegelich R Chapman, K Spohr J Zweit, J Gillies M Zepf J Galy, J Magill KWD Ledingham, P McKenna, J Yang, S Shimizu, T McCanny, L Robson, R P Singhal General Review: K.W.D.Ledingham, P.McKenna and R.P.Singhal, Science, 16th May 2003

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