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Egyptian Pyramids. Main purpose was for a tomb of the Pharoah. Cataracts. Rapids along the Nile River. Fertile Crescent. Fertile lands facing the Med. Sea Area of Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Theocracy. Government ruled by a religious authority. Hammurabi.
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Egyptian Pyramids Main purpose was for a tomb of the Pharoah
Cataracts Rapids along the Nile River
Fertile Crescent Fertile lands facing the Med. Sea Area of Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
Theocracy Government ruled by a religious authority
Hammurabi Babylonian ruler came up with strict code of laws
Chinese Writing People all over China could read it even if they spoke different language helped unify China
Mandate of Heaven It allowed new rulers to justify the overthrow of a declining dynasty
Confucius He believed in relationships to restore order, harmony and good government
Dynastic Cycle The rise and decline and replacement of dynasties
Daoism Ethical system along with Yin and Yang focus on natural order
Polis A Greek city-state
Acropolis The highest point a fortified hilltop where Greek citizens gathered to discuss city gov.
Oligarchy Government ruled by a few powerful people
Phalanx Greek military formation that was unstoppable
Hellenistic Civilization, language,art,science and lieterature of the Greek world. Alexandria, Egypt became the center of it
Peloponnesian War Athens v. Sparta
First Triumvirate Caesar, Crassus and Pompey after 10 years Caesar and Pompey went to war
Republic Form of Government where power rests with citizens who elect their leaders (Rome)
Diaspora Jewish dispersal
Buddhism It became popular b/c many people could become buddhas
Bantu Migrations They migrated in search of new land b/c of their growing population
Animism Spirits play a role in daily life
Olmecs Jaquar spirits, mother culture of Mesoamerica, massive stone sculptures
Zapotecs Monte Alban first real urban center in Americas
Allah Arabic “God”
Hijrah Migration in 622 Muhammad went from Mecca to Yathrib
Mosque Islamic house of worship
Quran Islamic holy book
Sunna Muhammad’s Example
Cyrillic Alphabet Saint Cyril and Methodius created it. Helped with Russian Culture
Shah Seljuk Ruler
Frederick I First ruler to call his lands Holy Roman Empire. Also known as Red Beard
Magyars Group of nomadic people who attacked from the east (Hungary). Superb horsemen who swept across Europe.
Fief Land granted to a vassal during the Middle Ages
Tournament Some knights took part in these mock battles
Excommunicate Banished or kicked out of the church
Interdict No sacraments could be preformed in a banned kings land
Charlemagne In 800 Pope Leo III crowned him emperor. He helped spread Christianity
Chivalry Knights 3 obligations were earthly lord, heavenly lord and chosen lady
Canon Law Church Law Like marriage and baptism
Khanate of the Golden Horde The Mongol Empire in Russia
Treaty of Verdun Charlemagne’s empire to be broken into 3 parts for each of his sons
Lay Investiture Pope Gregory VII and Henry IV fought over who could appt. bishops
Ghana Islam, gold salt-trade overrun by Muslim Almoravids
Mali Mansa Musa, Sundiat, IbnBattuta (historian) gold-salt trade
Songhai Gold-salt trade, military conquests, Sunni Ali, Askia Muhammad, (lacked modern weaponry)
Hausa People Savanna culture, located on important trade routes, powerful independent city-state.
Yoruba People Forest civilization, spoke common language, Ife and Oyo kingdoms
Benin Artistic , traded with the Portuguese, had an organized kingdom
Swahili Arabic and Bantu languages