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Unit 8 Chemical Quantities

Unit 8 Chemical Quantities. Chemistry I Mr. Patel SWHS. Topic Outline. MUST have a scientific calculator (not graphing)!!! Review of Factor-label Method The Mole and Particle to Mole Conversion (10.1) Molar Mass and Gram to Mole Conversion (10.2)

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Unit 8 Chemical Quantities

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  1. Unit 8Chemical Quantities Chemistry I Mr. Patel SWHS

  2. Topic Outline • MUST have a scientific calculator (not graphing)!!! • Review of Factor-label Method • The Mole and Particle to Mole Conversion (10.1) • Molar Mass and Gram to Mole Conversion (10.2) • Chemical Formula as a Conversion Factor (N/A) • Solution Concentration (16.2) • Percent Composition (10.3) • Empirical and Molecular Formulas (10.3)

  3. Conversion Factors • Conversion factor – allows us to convert from one unit to another unit • Example: 1m = 1000mm, 1 dozen = 12 items • We use the factor label method to convert Given New Unit Remember: Multiply the top Divide the bottom DesiredQuantity = Old Unit

  4. Measuring by Count • A count refers to a grouping or a word representing a number • Pair (2), Dozen (12), Ream (500) • A count is a conversion factor – can convert between a count unit and the number of items • Ex: 1 dozen egg is the same as 12 actual eggs

  5. Ex: Convert 3 dozen apples to number of apples. Use the factor-label method. 3 dozen apples 12 apples = 36 apples 1 dozen apples

  6. Representative Particle • Representative Particle – species present in a particle • Atoms (elements; ex: Fe atom) • Molecules (covalent compounds; ex: diatomics) • Ions (species with a charge; ex: Na1+) • Formula Units (ionic compounds; ex: NaCl)

  7. The Mole • The fundamental count in chemistry is the mole – SI unit for amount • Very similar to a dozen; represents a number • Abbreviation: mol • Contains an Avogadro’s Number of items • Avogadro’s Number = 6.02 x 1023

  8. The Mole • It is not appropriate to consider only one atom of an element or one formula unit of a compound • It is easier to group atoms using a large number • NOTE: 1 mole contains the same number of item…but does not necessarily have the same mass!!!

  9. The Mole • Just like a dozen, the mole is a conversion factor! • We can convert between the unit (mole) and the number of items • Remember: • 1 mole X = 6.02 x 1023 X • You can substitute any item for the X

  10. Ex: Convert 1 mole of Fe to number of Fe atoms. Use the factor-label method. 6.02 x 1023 atoms Fe 1 mol Fe = 6.02 x 1023 atoms Fe 1 mol Fe Math: (1) x (6.02 x 1023) / (1) = 6.02 x 1023

  11. Ex: Convert 7.8 mol of clipped fingernails to number of clipped fingernails (CF). Use the factor-label method. 6.02 x 1023 CF 7.8 mol CF = 4.7 x 1024 CF 1 mol CF Math: (7.8) x (6.02 x 1023) / (1) = 4.7 x 1024

  12. Ex: Convert 2.1 x 109 atoms of Li to moles of Li. Use the factor-label method. 1 mol Li 2.1 x 109 atom Li = 3.49 x 10-15 mol Li 6.02 x 1023 atoms Li Math: (2.1 x 109) x (1) / (6.02 x 1023) = 3.49 x 10-15

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