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Current Scenario of Cotton cultivation & its impacts.

Current Scenario of Cotton cultivation & its impacts. Venue: CEE,Ahmedabad Date: 6/10/2007. Dr.R.A.Sherasiya Director of Agriculture Gujarat State, Gandhinagar. Gujarat Agriculture at a Glance cont. General Information. Agriculture Total Geographical Area : 196 lakh hectares

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Current Scenario of Cotton cultivation & its impacts.

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  1. Current Scenario of Cotton cultivation & its impacts. Venue: CEE,Ahmedabad Date: 6/10/2007 Dr.R.A.Sherasiya Director of Agriculture GujaratState, Gandhinagar

  2. Gujarat Agriculture at a Glance cont.. General Information • Agriculture • Total Geographical Area : 196 lakh hectares • Net Area Sown: 98.51 lakh hectares • Total Cropped Area: 114.21 lakh hectares • Agro Climatic Zones: 8 • Area under Irrigation in Gujarat • Total irrigated area: 41.11 lakh hectares ( 41.73 % against net area sown 98.51 lakh hectares . (2003-04) • After completion of major and medium Projects – 64 lakh hectares (64.97% against Net Area Sown 98.51 lakh hectares ) Source SCR 2003-04

  3. Land Utilisation in Gujarat Net Area Sown: 98.51 lakh hectares, Total Cropped Area: 114.21 lakh hectares Area in lakh ha. Net Area Sown

  4. Cropping pattern .. Yr. 2006-07

  5. Past scenario Of Cotton in Gujarat state

  6. Recent scenario Of Cotton in Gujarat state IN 2002-03, INTRODUCTION OF BT. COTTON

  7. Over view of Cotton in Gujarat • Considerable area since long • Response of new varieties on Area shown Desi  Indo American (50s) Hybrid (70) • Decline in Area in 80s • Constant Increase in yield till 90s • Hybrid performed well during 90s (356 kg lint/ha in 1997-98) • Reduced yield in 2000-01,2001-02, 2002-03 (Boll worm menace) • Sudden hike in area & Yield form 2003-04 (Introduction of Bt)

  8. Pre-B.T. 2002-03 Major Cotton growing districts (Area >25000 ha.) Patan Kutchh sabarkantha Mahesana Gandhinagar A’bad Surendranagar Vadodara Jamnagar Rajkot Bhavnagar Bharuch Narmada Amreli Juangadh Kutchh sabarkantha Mahesana A’bad Surendranagar Vadodara Jamnagar Rajkot Post -B.T. 2007-08 Bhavnagar Bharuch Amreli B.K. N 11 Districts Kheda 17 Districts

  9. Why cotton in Gujarat ? • Suitable Soil type & climate • Trade, processing & Industrial Support since long • Business instincts & Higher adoptability of farmers • Crop sustain long dry spell & variable monsoon pattern • Better suitable for rain-fed farming (only 33 % irrigation) • Better income in adverse condition • Lucrative Price • Research & Extension support • Species suitability for variable climate ( Arid / Semi arid / Mild tropic)

  10. Prospect of Cotton depends on.. • Tread / Industrial support • Price policy & export • Sustainable yield • Insect / pest infestation • Cost of cultivation • Irrigation facility • Research, Extension & Market support • WTO policy • Lint quality • New technology like Transgenic cotton in field of Biotic and A-biotic Stress.

  11. World trade (In M.bale of 170 kg) • Production is unstable • Consumption & export has increasing trend

  12. Cotton market prices (Rs.Per quintal) Unstable price May adversely affect cotton cultivation

  13. Cost of cultivation of Cotton • Year 2004-05 • Increases seed cost but reduce pesticides cost • Increases Yield & Increases Net Return

  14. Requirement of lint Sl.No. Count group % cotton required Present species 1. 1s-10s 18.56 Herb, Arb, aa 2. 11s-20s 19.30 HH,Herb, ah 3. 21s-30s 18.81 Hirs, HH,ah 4. 31s-40s 26.05 Hirs,HH 5. 41s-60s 12.97 Hirs,HH 6. 61s-80s 2.33 HH, HB, Barb 7. 81s-100s 2.00 HB Barb 8. 101s-120s 2.00 HB, Barb 100.00 Different count group cotton required Current bt. Hybrid have potential to meet 50 -60 % requirement of lint

  15. PROSPECT OF COTTON IN GUJARAT • Dependable crop since long • Increasing world Consumption & export • Better price support • Increasing net return • Catch major quality segment of lint • Increasing Irrigation facilities (SSNL / Farm pond / Water conservation / Micro-irrigation) • Increasing Research / Extension support

  16. STORY OF BT. Cotton • Introduction in 2002-03

  17. Adoption of technology Bt. cotton packets sold in Gujarat

  18. Impact of Bt. Cotton on Production in Gujarat

  19. Indirect consequences of Bt Cotton • Insecticide use decline; Miscellaneous insects of minor importance such as bugs would create problems. • Reduced pyrethroids: Pink bollworm & Spodoptera likely to re-emerge. H. armigera & whitefly backseat • Susceptibility to sucking pests –because of susceptible exotic donor parent !! (Coker 312) • Reduction in efforts for conventional breeding approaches for OTHER pest management. • Shift in focus; away from research on other pest management methods

  20. SWOT analysis of Bt crop STRENGTH WEAKNESS SUSTAIN OVER COME OPPORTUNITY THREATS CAPTURE • MITIGATE

  21. BY Effective .. • Research • Extension • Law enforcement policy • Coordination SUSTAIN OVER COME CAPTURE • MITIGATE

  22. Bt. Cotton in Gujarat • Area of Bt.Hybrid Kharif-07 • (13.96 Lakh Ha.) Impact of Bt. + 10 Lakh Ha. • Area of Bt.Hybrid Khari-06 • ( 4.03 Lakh ha.)

  23. THANKS

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