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Political Theorists: Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau

Explore the views of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau on human nature and government. Evaluate their theories and rank quotes on government. Prepare for the unit test.

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Political Theorists: Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau

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  1. Wednesday, September 14, 2016, Day 6 h • ESSENTIAL SKILL: Explicitly assess information and draw conclusions • 1-Locke/Hobbes/Rousseau Notes • Advertisement Slogan • Which philosopher’s view of human nature do you most agree with? • 2- The Purpose of Government in the United States [Preamble] • 3-Purpose of Government Bracket • Individually rank according to importance: • 4-Five quotes about government •  Assignments •  663-665 Notes: Tuesday, 9/20 • Unit I Test: Thursday, 9/22 • Assignments: • Democratic Consolidation notes: pp. 663-665, Tuesday, 9/20 • Unit One Test, Thursday, 9/22

  2. POLITICAL THEORISTS: Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau The Social Contract

  3. Thomas Hobbes [1588-1679] • Man is inherently evil • In a state of nature, life would be “nasty, brutish and short.” • Without order and protection, no decent life of any kind would be possible.

  4. Thomas Hobbes [1588-1679] • Social Contract • People forego their right to everything • Agree to transfer their rights to one person --sovereign • As long as the state provides peace, the citizens MUST be loyal—do not have the right to resist the sovereign

  5. John Locke [1632-1704] • People are basically good. Most respect the rights of others because their conscience tells them that they have a duty to do so. • But people are also driven by their self-interest and might take advantage of the rights of others.

  6. John Locke [1632-1704] • In a state of nature, men and women had certain natural rights God-given [natural rights]; have just because you exist: life, liberty and property. • Locke’s social contract was made between the people and the government that promised to preserve these natural rights.

  7. John Locke [1632-1704] • All humans have the natural rights of life, liberty, and property • The state is responsible for securing these natural rights • Citizens must be protected from the misuse of state power • Separation of powers • Legislative, Judicial, Executive

  8. John Locke [1632-1704] • If the government did not preserve these natural rights, the people were justified in rebelling • Citizens can relieve officials from office if they violate the trust placed in them by the people • Locke’s theory influenced ideas in the Declaration of Independence s can relieve officials from office if they violate the trust placed in them by the people

  9. Jean Jacques Rousseau [1712-1778] • Citizens should have a positive claim to property • Society’s property should be distributed equally • Main concern is the freedom of the people • Two conditions of government: • All people treated equally in the social contract • Must ensure differing interests do not exist by making sure everyone has the same amount of property

  10. WHO SAID IT?? • "The life of man, is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short."

  11. WHO SAID IT?? • I believe that the natural state is "a condition of war of everyone against everyone."

  12. WHO SAID IT?? • I believe people are equal and have the right to life, liberty, and property.

  13. WHO SAID IT?? • I support the idea of an absolute monarchy and total allegiance to the sovereign.

  14. WHO SAID IT?? • I believe people have the right to change the government if it doesn't best serve the people.

  15. WHO SAID IT?? • I believe everyone should own the same amount of property.

  16. WHO SAID IT?? • Who believes government is necessary to prevent people from harming each other?

  17. WHO SAID IT?? • My theory is what the United States' government is founded on.

  18. How do you feel about government? • Evaluate how you feel about each of the five quotes on the sheet in front of you. Rank them 1 to 5 with 1 being the quote you most agree with and 5 being the quote you least agree with. • Turn and share your rankings with the person next to you.

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