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Greek Theater

Greek Theater. Sophocles. 495 BC – 405 BC (approx.) Became a prominent resident of Athens, Greece Dionysia was a large religious festival in honor of Dionysus, the god of agriculture, theatre, wine, & ecstasy

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Greek Theater

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  1. Greek Theater

  2. Sophocles • 495 BC – 405 BC (approx.) • Became a prominent resident of Athens, Greece • Dionysia was a large religious festival in honor of Dionysus, the god of agriculture, theatre, wine, & ecstasy • In 468 BC, he took first prize at Dionysia, defeating the reigning champion, Aeschylus • Wrote over 120 plays, only 7 of which have withstood the test of time

  3. Sophocles wrote: Oedipus Rex Oedipus at Colonus Antigone

  4. Roots in Worship of Dionysus • God of wine and revelry

  5. Greek Theatre • large, open areas • took advantage of hillsides to create stadium style seating • could usually seat thousands of people (Dionysia could seat approx. 17,000) • performance space was called the “orchestra” • this is where the chorus sang and danced

  6. Theater at Epidaurus

  7. Dionysus Theater in Athens

  8. Changed Theatre Forever • Introduced a third actor • Gave dialogue a fuller sense of development • Lessened the role of the chorus • Developed “skēnē” where the background was painted and arranged in order to create a spectacular effect

  9. Chorus

  10. Chorus

  11. Masks of Greek Theater

  12. Masks of Greek Theater

  13. Masks of Greek Theater

  14. Theatrical Terms • Tragedy • Developed out of ancient Greece • A drama or literary work in which the main character, or protagonist, is brought to ruin or suffers extreme sadness, especially as a consequence of a tragic flaw, moral weakness, or inability to cope with unfavorable circumstances. • Deals with affairs of the state (wars, government, etc.)

  15. More Terms • Tragic Hero • the main character in a tragedy who makes an error in their actions that leads to their own downfall

  16. Characteristics of a Tragic Hero The hero is faced with a serious decision.

  17. Central Character suffers a Downfall

  18. He Is often a king or leader so that his people experience his fall with him.

  19. HIS downfall arouses pity and fear

  20. THE HERO LEARNS SOMETHING FROM HIS/HER MISTAKE.

  21. Central Character is Neither Wholly good nor wholly evil

  22. Downfall is the result of a Fatal Flaw

  23. Misfortunes affect characters who are related or who are friends

  24. Tragic actions take place offstage

  25. Central Character has a moment of recognition

  26. He is physically or spiritually wounded by his experiences, often resulting in His death.

  27. More Terms Chorus a group of 12-15 men that provided background information and commentary to help the audience understand the performance They modeled how the audience “should” react They expressed what the main characters (of which there were only 2 before Sophocles) could not say… their thoughts, feelings, etc. Usually sang, but would also speak in unison (very overdramatically to enhance volume)

  28. Theatrical Terms • Four Types of Irony • Dramatic- audience knows something the characters don’t • Situational- when the last thing you expect to happen happens • Verbal- what is said vs. what is meant (sarcasm) • Cosmic- what the characters aspire to vs. what the cosmic forces allow https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nm-1xvWibt0

  29. Delphi

  30. Delphi

  31. Oracle of Delphi

  32. Oedipus and Sphinx

  33. Oedipus and Sphinx

  34. Riddle of the Sphinx • "Which animal has one voice, but two, three or four feet being slowest on three?"

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