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9/11 and the Politics of the Disaster

9/11 and the Politics of the Disaster. Research Exercise. Who? What? When? Where? Why? Don’t stick to Wikipedia. Look beyond and take note of how you would locate at least two (2) reliable sources. 9/11: An Event that Changed the World?.

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9/11 and the Politics of the Disaster

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  1. 9/11 and the Politics of the Disaster

  2. Research Exercise • Who? • What? • When? • Where? • Why? • Don’t stick to Wikipedia. Look beyond and take note of how you would locate at least two (2) reliable sources.

  3. 9/11: An Event that Changed the World? • Some argue that the attacks of September 11, 2001 changed everything in the sphere of security. • Others argue that the only thing it changed was to provide the “in” for already existing ideas and practices to be implemented in a “culture of fear”.

  4. Terrorism Defined • Origin: • late 18th century: from French terroriste, from Latin terror. The word was originally applied to supporters of the Jacobins in the French Revolution, who advocated repression and violence in pursuit of the principles of democracy and equality. As in, “The Reign of Terror.”

  5. Terrorism • [mass noun] the unofficial or unauthorized use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims. ~ Oxford English Dictionary

  6. The “Old Terrorism” • The Irish “Troubles” • July 21, 1972 • The Provisional IRA detonates 22 bombs in locations such a bus and train terminals, on bridges, in front of building, in a period of hours • 9 people were killed, 130 were injured. Of these 77 were women and children.

  7. The “Old Terrorism” • August 30, 1978: LOT Polish Airlines Flight 165 was hijacked by two East Germans in order to escape to West Berlin. There were no casualties, the hijackers surrendered and were tried by never-before-convened United States Court for Berlin.

  8. Old Terrorism • ETA (short form for Basque phrase meaning “Basque Homeland and Freedom”) is blamed for killing 829 people, injuring thousands, and kidnapping dozens in Spain

  9. Can-Con • The October Crisis of 1970 • The FLQ kidnaps and murders provincial minister, Pierre Laporte and kidnaps British diplomat, James Cross.

  10. The “New Terrorism” • In addition to 9/11... • 3/11 2004 Madrid train bombings Kill 191 people and wounded 1,800 Thought to be an Al Qaeda inspired cell.

  11. New Terrorism • London 2005, 7/7 • Coordinated suicide bombings (3 in London Tube, one on bus) killed 52 and injured 700

  12. Also school attack in Beslan and attacks in Bali

  13. Characteristics of “Old Terrorism” • Local • Ideological objectives • Strict hierarchies • Self-financed

  14. Characteristics of “New Terrorism” • Global • Fluid formation • Amorphous aims • Disparate organizational structure • Diverse funding sources

  15. “The War on Terror” • Thinking security • Justification legislation, in particular terrorist legislation, intervention into particular bodies • Eg. The Patriot Act • Fear creates a “foot in the door” for support for policy changes • CF. Shock Doctrine

  16. The Politicization of Terrorism versus • Terrorism as Politicization

  17. Producing the Terrorist Other • Particularly aimed at men of Arabic descent, the production of an us as safe and a them as “unsafe” serves to separate out people • It also generalizes and collapses distinctions • Them becomes a big catch-all

  18. The “Terrorist Other” • Problematic constructions of Islam in general and Islamic masculinity in particular

  19. Individualization of Responsibility • http://www.ready.gov/ • http://www.fema.gov/ • http://www.dhs.gov/index.shtm

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