CONTENTS

1. Overview ofJAA Safety Strategy InitiativeNARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25 Sep 2003P.H. (Dick) de Saint-Aulaire JSSI Coordinator JAA Regulation Division

2. CONTENTS • JAA overall objective • JSSI framework • JSSI update on results • Conclusion • Perspective • List of Abbreviations

3. JAA OVERALL OBJECTIVE The Joint Aviation Authorities aim at continuous improvement of their effective safety system leading to further reduction of the annual number of accidents and fatalities irrespective of the growth of air traffic

4. JSSI FRAMEWORK PURPOSE Support the JAA’s aim for safety by providing a focused Safety Agenda (Regulations, Research, training aids...) with deliverables SCOPE Concentrate on Large Transport Aeroplanes operated in Commercial Air Transportation

5. JSSI FRAMEWORK KEY ELEMENTS • Partnership with Authorities and Interested Parties • Cooperation with other organisations • Public Perception: open communication • Implementation

6. JSSI FRAMEWORK ORGANIZATION FAA JAA EUROCONTROL CAST JSSI Steering Group RS Steering Committee Runway Safety WG Action Plan Team CFIT, ALA, LOC Future Aviation Safety Team Occurrence Data Analysis Specs WG Runway Safety Task Force Occupant Safety & Survivability WG Design Related WG

7. JSSI FRAMEWORK JAA CONSULTATIONPROCESS Implementation Action Plans through member states’ NAA JAA Committee Regulations Licensing JAA Sectorial Teams Maintenance Certification Operations JSSI Steering Group JSSI working groups

8. JSSI FRAMEWORK APPROACH Two complementary approaches are being used to develop the JSSI focused agenda: • Historic approach, FAA/CAST leading • Predictive approach, JAA/JSSI leading

9. JSSI FRAMEWORK HISTORIC APPROACH • Identify focus areas • Prioritise focus areas: fatalities • Analyse representative accidents sample set to recommend interventions

10. JSSI FRAMEWORK – HISTORIC APPROACH FOCUS AREAS • Controlled Flight Into Terrain*) • Approach and Landing*) • Loss of Control*) • Design related • Weather*) • Occupant Safety and Survivability • Runway Safety*) *) common with CAST

11. JSSI FRAMEWORK PREDICTIVE APPROACH • Why? • Future may not be a direct extrapolation of the past: changes. • Many accidents are related to situations not envisaged by the assumptions made when designing • Focused Methodology • From Changes to Hazards (inherent and due to interactions) to Interventions. • Future Aviation Safety Team (FAST)

12. JSSI update CFIT/ALA/LoC • CFIT 8 Action Plans agreed • ALA 5 Action Plans agreed (mostly Ops related) • LoC5 Action Plans agreed 1 Action Plan on hold 4 Action Plans drafted (more design related, particularly Avionics) All APs are based on those from CAST and adapted to European needs/context

13. JSSI update CFIT Action Plans AGREED • TAWS implementation • ATC CFIT training • Precision-like approach implementation • Flight Crew training in CFIT prevention • Crew Resources Management training • Standard Operating Procedures • Minimum Safe Altitude Warning • Flight Data Monitoring

14. JSSI update ALA Action Plans AGREED • Flight Crew Training • Flight Deck Equipment Upgrade/ Installation • Maintenance Procedures • Aircraft Design • Approach and Landing Safety Culture

15. JSSI update CFIT/ALA Schedule revised • TAWS actions basically done, ICAO CFIT Training Tool on JAA website • status check Aug 2002: less covered than expected • consequences discussed. Action Plans were: • re-prioritised at JSSI APT meeting, Nov 02 • re-planned in close cooperation with Ops Division • finalized and approved by JSSI StG, May 03 • presented for approval in OST meeting, May03, aiming for JAAC approval end 2003

16. JSSI update LoC Action Plans DRAFTED • Advance Maneuver • HF & Automation • SOP • Operational procedures ON HOLD • Risk management AGREED • Flight Envelope Protection • Vertical Situation Displays • Auto-flight • Icing • Displays & Alerting systems

17. JSSI update LoC Action Plans SCHEDULE • Advance Maneuver, HF & Automation, SOP, Operational procedures to be agreed with the OST before adoption by JAAC • Risk management on hold pending discussions with FAA on CPS • Flight envelope protection, Vertical Situation Displays, Auto-flight*), Icing*), Displays & Alerting systems*) should be adopted by the JAAC at its Oct03 meeting *) rely on harmonization work: • JAA NPA on Icing and Auto-flight prepared

18. JSSI update DESIGN RELATED LITTLE ACTION/PROGRESS Final report delivered Jan 2002, including: • One Terms of Reference for Harmonisation : • Tyre/wheel burst • One proposal to further investigate • Certification/ Maintenance Interface • One proposal to further investigate the concept of “Deep Treatment of Anomalies/Precursors” *) *) Follow-up within the Occurrence Data Analysis Specification working group

19. JSSI update ODAS Occurrence Data Analysis Specs JSSI StG established ODAS working group • Produce data users’ functional specifications document for ECCAIRS • six tasks including initial specifications definition (e.g. Precursor Detection, Deep Treatment, Safety Performance Indicators) • Authorities and Interested Parties participating including FAA, Boeing and Airbus • Final report November 2003.

20. JSSI update WEATHER • Participating in CAST Joint Safety Analysis Team: start originally planned Sep02, put on hold pending conclusion of other team examining areas of risks not covered yet • Result: re-named Risk Reduction Team, start Jan03 • JSSI representative Airbus is only European participating (Dutch Nat’l Aerospace Lab withdrew) • Icing is one important element

21. JSSI update OSS LITTLE ACTION/PROGRESS Final report includes: • recommendation on Unruly passenger • recommendation on improving Quality of Cargohandling • 4 detailed recommendations on Crew training/drills,Cabin Crew/Passenger communication,Effectiveness of seatbelts,Seat/floor attachment • ToR for Harmonisation: Holistic approach to evacuation • 3 Research proposals : On-board load and balance system,Smoking in toilets, Framework for data exchange

22. JSSI update OSS • Draft report issued Sep 02 • Detailed recommendations presented to OST Sep 02, no adverse comments received so far • Issue Final report initially planned Jan03, postponed, currently being re-planned

23. JSSI updateRUNWAY SAFETY Joint Task Force of JAA, EUROCONTROL, ICAO-Europe and GASR: • Established 2001 • Published Safety letter • Gathered data • Anonymous Questionnaires to pilots and ATCOs • Interviews: selected airports and airlines • Data Banks from States and Service Providers • Start selecting areas needing improvement

24. JSSI update RUNWAY SAFETY RS Task Force findings for Europe: • Runway Incursion every 3 or 4 days • Near-collision due to RI every 2 or 3 months RUNWAY INCURSION IS A MAJOR ISSUE

25. JSSI update RUNWAY SAFETY RS TASK FORCE FOLLOW-UP ACTION • Drafted strategic plan • Proposed areas for improvement • Made initial recommendations: • Awareness RS general • Data Collection & Analysis • Communications (RT phraseology, Language proficiency) • Procedures (ATC, Pilots, Drivers) • Visual Aids, Signs & Markings (ICAO Annex 14) • Situational Awareness • Maps & Charts • Held RS Workshop, EUROCONTROL, Brussels, Sep02

26. JSSI update RUNWAY SAFETY Conclusion of RS Workshop 9-10 Sep 2002 Start key remedial actions • Set up RS programme at aerodrome level • Pursue European co-operation • Further develop TF/Workshop recommendations • Stop Task Force, set up Working Group with Steering Committee to monitor/steer implementation

27. JSSI update RUNWAY SAFETY RS Working Group • Established Sep 2002 • Drafted Terms of References of WG and StC • Proposed StC membership: directors level JAA, GASR, EUROCONTROL, ICAO, IATA, ACI, IFATCA, IFALPA, a.o. • Selected Runway Incursions as first priority • Drafted recommendations, developed into an Action Plan, issued Apr 2003: European Action Plan for the Prevention of Runway Incursions

28. JSSI update RUNWAY SAFETY European Action Plan for the Prevention of Runway Incursions • Reviewed by RS Steering Committee in Feb 2003, submitted to associated bodies for endorsement • Endorsed: - Fully by EUROCONTROL • With caveat by GASR • Technically by JAA, awaiting JAAC formalization • On EUROCONTROL website www.eurocontrol.int/safety/runwayincursion.htm • Printed hardcopies since May 2003

29. JSSI update Future Aviation Safety Team • PHASE I, Oct 1999 - Sep 2000 • Methodology established • 157 AoC affecting the Aviation System identified • PHASE II, Sep 2000 - Jul 2001 • Top 20 Areas of Change selected using AHP method • Focus top 2 : Flight Deck Automation New concepts for Airspace Management • PHASE III, Oct 2001 - Jan 2003 • Focused Analysis of FDA Outputs: Safety considerations for future FDA Validation of FAST

30. JSSI update FAST Crew reliance on Flight Deck Automation • 6 topics analysed, selected from top 23 by voting, looking at current or future hazards: • Situational Awareness Displays • FMS • CRM • Navigation Using Terrain Recognition • Fully Automated Flight • CNS/ATM free flight • 34 interactions selected out of 157 by voting

31. JSSI update FAST REPORT ON PHASE III • Final draft presented at JSSI StG meeting, Jan03 • Final version presented in JSSI StG meeting May03 aiming for its approval in 23Sep03 meeting • Including: - vision of future automation - list of principal automation hazards - recommendations & follow-up - future work

32. JSSI CONCLUSION • Structured activity to define focused safety agenda • Full coordination with CAST, Eurocontrol, ICAO, FSF • JSSI in JAA Business Plan • Resources are scarce, necessitating prioritisation of JSSI outputs • Progress 2003 • OST better involved • ALAR/CFITR planning & priority repaired • FAST report timely available for EASA • Runway Safety initiative gained momentum • ODAS WG on track, result available before start ECCAIRS • Started drafting JSSI inventory for EASA, available end 2003

33. JSSI PERSPECTIVE • Future Work Programme being developed • No formal guarantee EASA adopting JSSI, so far; agreed to continue until further notice. • EASA, starting 28 Sep 2003, expected to be ready for discussion not earlier than end 2003 • By then much JSSI output available as supporting evidence of necessity to continue Safety Strategy Initiative under EASA

34. JSSI Abbreviations CAST Commercial Aviation Safety Team FAST Future Aviation Safety Team AHP Analytical Hierarchy Process FSF Flight Safety Foundation CPS Commercial Airplane Certification Process Study AoC Area of Change (in the Aviation System) APT Action Plan Team GASR Group of Airport Safety Regulators NPA Notice of Proposed Amendment EAPPRI European Action Plan for the Prevention of Runway Incursions ECCAIRS European Coordination Centre for Accident & Incident Reporting System

35. JSSI Abbreviations JAAC JAA Committee OST Operations Sectorial Team (JAA) FMS Flight Management System ToR Terms of Reference (= Charter) ATC Air Traffic Control ATCO Air Traffic Controller CNS/ATM Communications, Navigation, Surveillance/ Air Traffic Management ODAS Occurrence Data Reporting Specification LoC Loss of Control ALA Approach and Landing CFIT Controlled Flight Into Terrain OSS Occupant Safety & Survivability