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POLITICAL BAROMETER. A Study of Socio-Political Preferences of People of Pakistan. Background. First civilian government completing it’s term Chief Election Commissioner appointed through parliamentary consensus for the first time in the country’s history
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POLITICAL BAROMETER A Study of Socio-Political Preferences of People of Pakistan
Background • First civilian government completing it’s term • Chief Election Commissioner appointed through parliamentary consensus for the first time in the country’s history • Caretaker government to be decided in consultation instead of being chosen by the president
The Political Barometer Survey • Covers a wide range of socio-political indicators • Conducted across broad sections of the society • Rapid assessment around 1,300 respondents in 52 districts, reflecting on issues like electoral reform, governance, security, interprovincial relations, arts and culture, civil rights, and foreign policy • Strata take account of ethno-linguistic lines instead of the traditional provincial demarcation
Sampling • Demographic sample based on the population census of the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics • Stratified Sampling • Ethno-linguistic • Gender • Urban/Rural • Age • Income • Educational qualification
Questionnaire, interviews, and challenges • Both open-ended as well as close-ended questions to minimize biases • Conducted in 52 districts across Balochistan, FATA, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab, and Sindh • Occasional reluctance and difficulty by respondents to respond to a few questions • The data was verified through randomly contacting reluctant respondants • Respondents’ understanding of technical terms like MFN
Pressing issues based on education levels Higher Levels of Education Lower Levels of Education • Extremism • Political instability • Interprovincial problems • Inflation • Gender discrimination • Food shortages
Voting trends vis-à-vis voting history • Vote bank for PML-N Stagnant • Vote bank for PPP Declined • Vote bank for PTI Stronger urban base
PPP • Roughly one-third of the respondents earning below Rs. 30,000 indicate a preference for PPP • Reinforces the pro-poor image of the party • Support from those earning over Rs. 30,000 dropped to 10.8% • PML-N • Support appears similar across all income groups • PTI • 33% of those earning over Rs. 250,000 intend to vote for the party