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Unit 1: Foundations & Development

Unit 1: Foundations & Development. Colonial North America. Types of Colonial Government. Royal – run by the King Proprietary – given by King for one person to run Joint-Stock – owned and run by investors Self-governing – started and run by themselves. Jamestown. Established in 1607

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Unit 1: Foundations & Development

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  1. Unit 1: Foundations & Development Colonial North America

  2. Types of Colonial Government • Royal – run by the King • Proprietary – given by King for one person to run • Joint-Stock – owned and run by investors • Self-governing – started and run by themselves

  3. Jamestown • Established in 1607 • First permanent English settlement • Was a joint-stock colony, made profit from tobacco • In present day Virginia

  4. Religious Dissenters • Pilgrims – built settlement called Plymouth in 1620 in modern day Massachusetts. • Wanted to separate from church of England • Quakers – persecuted for their beliefs • Pacifists (against war); settled Pennsylvania • Catholics – members of original Christian church & persecuted in England • Founded Maryland • Puritans – wanted to purify Church of England • Settled in Massachusetts • Famous for their persecution of “witches” during the Salem Witch Trials of the 1600s

  5. Colonial Economy • Mercantilism—theory that a country should sell more goods than it buys • Gave Britain a favorable balance of trade (they made money) • Strain on colonies, only sell cheap raw goods to Britain whereas they buy only expensive products • Plantation system—large farm in which slave labor or other workers are used to grow a cash crop • Indentured servants were the other workers, people contracted to work for a certain period of time in return for travel expenses, shelter, and food

  6. New England Colonies • Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire. • Mostly Puritan • Farming difficult • Made a living by fishing and trade

  7. Middle Colonies • New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware • Rich soil • Expand Trade • DIVERSE • Many different religions and professions

  8. Southern Colonies • Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia • Very hot, humid • Good crops • Plantations • More religious toleration

  9. Slavery • Favored over indentured servants • Brought from Africa to America on the Middle Passage of the Triangular Trade Route • Africa (slaves) • America/Caribbean (rum, sugar, cotton, raw materials) • England (manufactured goods) • Draw a diagram of the triangular trade route in your notes

  10. Native Americans • Already in America, many were killed off by disease • Numbers too small to fight off Europeans • Many deaths also occurred due to conflicts, population plummeted • Although there was violence, some groups were able to coexist peacefully…at least for a little while

  11. Bacon’s Rebellion • Native Americans seen as a threat • Nathaniel Bacon, a farmer, reacted to his hatred of N.A. in 1676 • He raised an army of farmers on the Virginia frontier to fight them • Successful on the frontier—but still mad • He marched his men to Jamestown to confront officials about lack of representation in the frontier and unfair high taxes • He and his men set fire to the town and almost completely destroyed it

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