The Constitution & Federalism

1. The Constitution&Federalism Chapter 3 - 4

2. Learning Target Students will learn the basic principles of the Constitution & how the Constitution can be changed.

3. 6 Basic Principals of the Constitution • Popular Sovereignty idea that people hold the power in our government. 2. Limited Gov’t gov’t possesses only the powers the people give it. 3. Separation of Power established 3 separate branches of govt that share our govt power.

5. 6 Basic Principals of the Constitution 4. Checks and Balances none of the 3 branches can become too powerful. 5. Judicial Review power to interpret the Cont. Courts have the power to declare something “unconstitutional” 6. Federalism divided the power between the central government & the States.

8. Changing the Constitution 1. Amendment change to the written words of the Const. 2. Ratification act of approving a proposed amendment 3. Informal Change a change that has not altered the actual words of the Const.

9. Changing the Constitution 3a. Congress Passed laws that fill details about the specific ways the gov’t operates. Passed thousands of laws that explain certain parts of the Constitution. 3b. Presidents Declared war w/o Congress consent. 3c. US Supreme Court Changed the Const. by explaining parts of it when ruling on cases. -

10. Changing the Constitution 4. No 3rd term tradition What had been an unwritten custom became a written part of the Const. with the 22nd Amendment in 1951 GW started & FDR ended no 3rd term

13. Articles of the Constitution

15. Bill Of Rights 1st 10 Amendments

16. 1st - Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, & Petition 2nd - Right to Bear Arms 3rd - Quartering of Troops 4th - Searches & Seizures 5th - Criminal proceedings, Due Process, & Eminent Domain

17. 6th - Criminal Proceedings 7th - Civil Trials 8th - Punishment for Crimes 9th - Unenumerated Rights 10th - Powers Reserved to the States

18. 1791 - Amendments 1-10 Bill of Rights 1795 - Amendment 11 States immune from certain lawsuits 1804 - Amendment 12 Changes in electoral college procedures 1865 - Amendment 13 Abolition of Slavery 1868 - Amendment 14 Citizenship, equal protection, and due process 1870 - Amendment 15 No denial of vote because of race, color or previous enslavement The 27 Amendments

19. 1913 - Amendment 16 Congress given the power to tax incomes 1913 - Amendment 17 Popular election of U.S. Senators 1919 - Amendment 18 Prohibition of alcohol 1920 - Amendment 19 Women’s suffrage 1933 - Amendment 20 Change of dates for presidential and congressional terms 1933 - Amendment 21 Repeal of prohibition (Amendment 18) The 27 Amendments

20. 1951 - Amendment 22 Limit on presidential terms 1961 - Amendment 23 District of Columbia allowed to vote in presidential elections 1964 - Amendment 24 Ban of tax payment as voter qualification 1967 - Amendment 25 Presidential succession, vice presidential vacancy, and presidential disability 1971 - Amendment 26 Voting age changed to 18 1992 - Amendment 27 Congressional pay The 27 Amendments

21. The 27 Amendments

22. Constitutional Facts

23. The U.S. Constitution is one of the most influential legal documents in existence. Since its creation some two hundred years ago, over one hundred countries around the world have used it as a model for their own.

24. The U.S. Constitution has 4,440 words. It is the oldest and the shortest written constitution of any government in the world.

25. Of the typographical errors in the Constitution, the misspelling of the word “Pensylvania” above the signers’ names is probably the most glaring

26. Thomas Jefferson did not sign the Constitution. He was in France during the Convention, where he served as the U.S. minister. John Adams was serving as the U.S. minister to Great Britain during the Constitutional Convention and did not attend either.

27. The oldest person to sign the Constitution was Benjamin Franklin (81). The youngest was Jonathan Dayton of New Jersey (26).

28. The word “democracy” does not appear once in the Constitution.

29. When the Constitution was signed, the United States’ population was 4 million. It is now more than 300 million. Philadelphia was the nation’s largest city, with 40,000 inhabitants.

30. It took one hundred days to actually “frame” the Constitution.

31. There was initially a question as to how to address the President. The Senate proposed that he be addressed as “His Highness the President of the United States of America and Protector of their Liberties.” Both the House of Representatives and the Senate compromised on the use of “President of the United States.”

32. Video Preamble http://youtu.be/0NVVjIriFeE Bill of Rights http://youtu.be/vmLosRzNRqA http://youtu.be/fndm9kPEZhs http://youtu.be/pRTFk9Dc8Tg

33. Video Rule of Law http://youtu.be/q0MTEm2a7PA Separation of Powers http://youtu.be/Nnqk-yGzYYg Representative Government http://youtu.be/bVD0bZ5H4MY

34. End of Day 1

35. Chapter 4 Federalism

36. Bell Ringer If college football changed the length of each quarter, what would be the process ?

37. Learning Target Students will learn the 3 main types of delegated powers.

38. Powers of the National Gov’t 1. Delegated powers powers granted to the Nat’l Govt by the Constitution. 2. There are 3 types of delegated powers: • Expressed • Implied • Inherent

39. Expressed Powers 1. Expressed Powers - powers delegated to the National Gov’t - expressly spelled out in the Constitution

40. Implied Powers 1. Implied Powers powers not stated in the Const but are implied by the expressed powers. - “The Necessary and Proper Clause” - “The Elastic Clause” - convenient & useful gov’t powers

41. Inherent Powers 1. Inherent Powers Gov’t has historically possessed powers. - regulate immigration - deport undocumented aliens - acquire territory - protect the nation from rebellion or other attempts to overthrow it.

42. Powers Denied to the National Gov’t 1. Levy duties on exports 2. Prohibit freedom of religion, speech, press, or assembly 3. Conduct illegal searches and seizures 4. Deny any person a speedy & public trial.

43. Powers Reserved to the States 1. Reserved Powers - powers that are not given to the National Gov’t & powers the states may have. - decided how old people must be to get driver’s licenses - forbid persons under 18 to marry without parental consent - permit some forms of gambling

44. Powers Denied to the States Just as the Constitution denies the National Gov’t powers, it also denies many powers to the States. 1. No state can enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation 2. No State can print or coin money 3. No state can deprive any person of life, liberty, or property w/o due process.

45. Assignment 1 Read Article I Section 8 of the Constitution in your Govt book Find the clauses giving Congress each of these powers: 1. coin money, 2. borrow money, 3. declare war, 4. set up postal system, 5. collect taxes

46. Assignment 2 1. What was the main problem the Framers had to solve at the Philadelphia Convention of 1787? • Using information in your text, list the different sides of this issue. 2. How did the Framers finally resolve the problem you identified in step 1? 3. What were the advantages and disadvantages of their decision?

47. Assignment 2 1. What was the main problem the Framers had to solve at the Constitutional Conv? 2. What was James Madison & Patrick Henry argument over a strong national government? 3. Describe the government system the Framers used to solve their problem.

48. Video Ronald Reagan gives power back to states http://youtu.be/h8_G-mlKxTY

49. End of Day 2

50. Bell Ringer Why do fishing and hunting licenses usually cost more for nonresidents of the state?