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Imperativ !. From “Deutsch: Na Klar ! 5 th Edition”. Imperative – Imperativ !. The Imperative is the verb form used to make requests and recommendations and to give instructions, advice, or commands. You are already familiar with imperative forms used in common classroom requests.
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Imperativ! From “Deutsch: Na Klar! 5th Edition”
Imperative – Imperativ! • The Imperative is the verb form used to make requests and recommendations and to give instructions, advice, or commands. • You are already familiar with imperative forms used in common classroom requests. • Setzdichbitte! • Hör gut zu! • Sprich Deutsch! • Nimmein Blatt Papier! • Mach das Licht an!
Formal Imperative • The formal imperative is formed by inverting the subject (Sie) and the verb in the present tense. • kommen (to come): KommenSie bald. • fahren (to drive): FahrenSielangsam! • anrufen (to call): RufenSiemich an. • sprechen (to speak): SprechenSielangsam! • arbeiten (to work): ArbeitenSiejetzt! • sein (to be): SeienSiefreundlich. • Note: The formal imperative has the same word order as a yes/no question; only puncutation or intonation identifies it as an imperative. • The imperative of the verb sein is irregular.
Particles and bitte with the Imperative • Requests or commands are often softened by adding the word bitte and particles such as dochand mal.Bitte can stand at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of the sentence. The particles dochand mal follow the imperative form. They have no English equivalent. • HörenSiebittezu! • BittenehmenSiePlatz. • KommenSiedochheutevorbei. • RufenSiemichmal an.
Informal Imperative • The singular informal imperative is used for anyone you address with du. • It is formed for most verbs simply by dropping the –stending from the present-tense du-form of the verb. • kommen: du kommst→ Komm! • anrufen: du rufst an → Ruf an! • arbeiten: du arbeitest→ Arbeite! • sprechen: du sprichst→ Sprich! • nehmen: du nimmst→ Nimm! • Exception – sein: du bist→Sei!
Informal Imperative continued • Verbs that show a vowel change from a to ä (or au to äu) in the present tense have no umlaut in the imperative. • du fährst→ Fahr! • du läufst→ Lauf!
The Plural Informal Imperative • The plural informal imperative is used to request something from several persons whom you individually address with du. • Kommtdoch mal zu uns. (Why don’t you come see us.) • FahrtjetztnachHause. (Drive home now.) • Gebtmir bitte etwaszuessen. (Please give me something to eat.) • Seiddochruhig! (Be quiet!) • This imperative form is identical to the ihr-form of the present tense, but without the pronoun ihr.
Suggestions • Suggestions can be made a couple of ways: • Use the wir form of the verb followed by the word wir. • Singen wir. (Let’s sing.) • Gehen wir. (Let’s go.) • Essen wir. (Let’s eat.) • OR…Say “Lasstuns…” and then the wir form of the verb. • Lasstunssingen. (Let’s sing.) • Lasstunsgehen. (Let’s go.) • Lasstunsessen. (Let’s eat.)
