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Chapter 16

Chapter 16 . Section 4: Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders. What is Schizophrenia?. Schizophrenia - a group of disorders characterized by confused and disconnected thought, emotions, and perceptions Affects 1 in 100 people Increases to 1 in 10 if already in family Collection of symptoms

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Chapter 16

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  1. Chapter 16 Section 4: Schizophrenia and Mood Disorders

  2. What is Schizophrenia? • Schizophrenia- a group of disorders characterized by confused and disconnected thought, emotions, and perceptions • Affects 1 in 100 people • Increases to 1 in 10 if already in family • Collection of symptoms • Affects working memory, making it difficult to put together complete thoughts/sentences • Distorted perceptions • Live in a private, disordered reality • Delusions- false beliefs maintained in the face of contrary evidence • John Nash still believed he was working on a secret mission • Halllucinations- perceptions in the absence of corresponding sensation • John Nash saw people that did not exist

  3. Types of Schizophrenia • Subtypes of Schizophrenia • Paranoid type- involves delusions and hallucinations • Grandeur- “I am the savior of my people” • Persecution- someone is always watching me” • Catatonic type- person remains motionless for long periods of time • Disorganized type- includes incoherent language, inappropriate emotions, disorganized motor behavior, delusions, hallucinations • Remission type- symptoms are either gone or not severe enough for diagnosis anymore • Undifferentiated type- encompasses basic symptoms shared by all types

  4. Causes of Schizophrenia • THEORIES • Biological influences- person 10 times more likely to get schizophrenia is already in family • Biochemistry and Physiology- some think it is result of chemical imbalances in brain • Dopamine hypothesis- suggests it is caused by excess of dopamine at selected synapses • Family and Interactions- being part of unhealthy family life MAY CONTRIBUTE to schizophrenia

  5. Mood Disorders • Major Depressive Disorder- severe form of lowered mood in which a person experiences feelings of worthlessness and diminished pleasure or interest in many activities • Lasts at least 2 weeks • To be diagnosed, cannot be attributed to bereavement • Must have at least 4 of these symptoms • Problems with eating, sleeping, thinking, concentrating, decision making • Lacking energy • Thinking about suicide • Feeling worthless or guilty • Bipolar Disorder- individual alternates between feelings of mania (euphoria) and depression • Manic phase- elation, confusion, distractibility, racing thoughts • Depressive phase- feelings of failure, sinfulness, worthlessness, despair

  6. Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)- individual develops deep depression during winter • Researchers think hormone melatonin may play a role • Less light makes more melatonin • can be treated by using bright fluorescent lights

  7. Explaining Mood Disorders • Psychological factors underlying mood disorders • Certain personality traits (self-esteem) • Amount of social support • Ability to deal with stress

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