The Olympic Games: A History researched and compiled by Martin S. Fisher Edited by Sarah Cushion and Dennis Roscoe

2. History of the Modern OlympicsPart 8 The Olympic Winter Games 1924 to 1944 The Olympic Games: A Historyresearched and compiled by Martin S. Fisher Edited by Sarah Cushion and Dennis Roscoe Jan Roscoe Publications

3. INDEX Winter Sports4 The I Olympic Winter Games, Chamonix 1924 5 Chamonix 1924, Statistics 6 Chamonix 1924, Britain’s Successes 7 Chamonix 1924, Medal League Table 8 The II Olympic Winter Games, St Moritz 1928 & Other Bids 9 St Moritz 1928, Medal League Table 10 The III Olympic Winter Games, Lake Placid 1932 & Other Bids 11 Lake Placid 1932, Medal League Table 12 The IV Olympic Winter Games, Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1936 & Other bids 13 Garmisch 1936, British Medal Haul 14 Garmisch 1936, Medal League Table 15 The 1940 Olympic Winter Games - cancelled 16 The 1944 Olympic Winter Games - cancelled 17 Acknowledgements 18 Photo Credits 19

4. Winter Sports Until 1920 some winter sports (Figure Skating, Ice Hockey) had been included in the main Olympic programme. Just after World War I the suggestion was made to separate them off into a specialised Winter Festival. The birth of the Olympic Winter Games.

5. The I Olympic Winter Games IOC PRESIDENT AT THESE GAMES Baron Pierre de Coubertin FRA The I Olympic Winter Games - Chamonix 1924 • These Games were held in CHAMONIX FRA. • The Games were opened by Gaston Vidal, French Under-Secretary of Sport.

6. The I Olympic Winter Games Chamonix 1924 - Statistics • Called International Winter Sports Week. • Later accepted as first Winter Olympics. • 16 countries represented. • 16 events. • 5 sports Skiing (inc. Ski Jumping), Bobsleigh, Skating, Curling, Ice Hockey.

7. The I Olympic Winter Games Chamonix 1924 - Britain’s Successes • Britain won Gold in Men’s Curling – although not accepted as official event until many years later. • Britain won silver in 4-man Bob and bronzes in Ice Hockey and Ladies Figure Skating. • This is Britain’s best performance at Winter Games.

8. The I Olympic Winter Games • First Winter Games medal for Belgium, France. • - 1 Norway 4 7 6 • - 2 Finland 4 4 3 • - 3 Austria 2 1 0 • - 6 Great Britain 1 1 2 Chamonix 1924- Medal League Table • First Winter Games Golds for Austria, Finland, Great Britain, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and USA.

9. The II Olympic Winter Games IOC PRESIDENT AT THESE GAMES Henri de Baillet-Latour BEL The II Olympic Winter Games - St Moritz 1928 & Other Bids • These Games were awarded to ST MORITZ SUI. • There were other bids from Davos SUI Engelberg SUI. • The Games were opened by Edmund Schulthess, President of the Helvetic Confederation of Switzerland.

10. The II Olympic Winter Games • First Winter Games medals for Czechoslovakia, and Germany. - 1 Norway 6 4 5 - 2 USA 2 2 2 - 3 Sweden 2 2 1 - 9 Great Britain 0 0 1 St Moritz 1928- Medal League Table • Record 25 countries represented, 14 events & 4 sports. • Earl of Northesk (GBR) won bronze in Skeleton Bob (GBR’s 5th winter medal). • First Winter Games Golds for Canada and France.

11. The III Olympic Winter Games IOC PRESIDENT AT THESE GAMES Henri de Baillet-Latour BEL The III Olympic Winter Games - Lake Placid 1932& Other Bids • These Games were awarded to LAKE PLACID USA. • There were other bids from Bear Mountain USA Denver USA Duluth USA Lake Tahoe USA Minneapolis USA Montreal CAN Yosemite Valley USA. • The Games were opened by Franklin D. Roosevelt, Governor of New York.

12. The III Olympic Winter Games • Sonja Henie (NOR) won Figure Skating for second time. - 1 USA 6 4 2 - 2 Norway 3 4 3 - 3 Sweden 1 2 0 - 11 Great Britain 0 0 0 Lake Placid 1932- Medal League Table • 17 countries represented - lower number because of transatlantic travel. • 14 events & 4 sports.

13. The IV Olympic Winter Games IOC PRESIDENT AT THESE GAMES Henri de Baillet-Latour BEL The IV Olympic Winter Games - Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1936 • These Games were awarded to GARMISCH - PARTENKIRCHEN GER. • There was another bid from St Moritz SUI. • The Games were opened by Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of the German Reich and the games were dominated by the Nazi regime. • 28 countries represented - record.

14. Britain won Ice Hockey - its second Winter Gold medal. Cecilia Colledge won silver in Ladies Figure Skating. GBR won bronze in 4 - man Bobsleigh. This was Britain’s second best Winter Games. The IV Olympic Winter Games • Garmisch-Partenkirchen (GER) 1936. Garmisch 1936 - British Medal Haul • Record 17 events & 4 sports.

15. The IV Olympic Winter Games • Sonja Henie (NOR) won Ladies Figure Skating for third time - later Hollywood filmstar. - 1 Norway 7 5 3 - 2 Germany 3 3 0 - 3 Sweden 2 2 3 - 7 Great Britain 1 1 1 Garmisch 1936- Medal League Table • First Women’s Nordic Skiing. • First Winter Games Golds for Germany.

16. The 1940 Olympic Winter Games - cancelled • Games initially awarded to Sapporo JPN. • Games eventually cancelled because of World War II. • Later transferred to St Moritz (SUI) because of Sino-Japanese War. • Later transferred to Garmisch-Partenkirchen (GER).

17. The 1944 Olympic Winter Games - cancelled • Games initially awarded to Cortina d’Ampezzo ITA. • Games eventually cancelled because of World War II.

18. My grateful thanks to the international Olympic committee for permission to use the Olympic logo, and to other original research by Erich Kamper, Volker Kluge, Wolf Lyberg, Bill Mallon, Ian Buchanan and the International Society of Olympic Historians.

19. Photos and Images Courtesy of: • www.google.co.uk for all images/photos not specified below and • for leading me to all the following • www.olympic.org photo of Pierre de Coubertin throughout • www.olympic.org images of Olympic medals throughout • www.olympic.org photo of de Baillet-Latour throughout • Wikimedia commons photo of Sonja Henie slides 11 + 15