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Cross Border Migration in Thailand: Population and Social Research Perspectives

Cross Border Migration in Thailand: Population and Social Research Perspectives. Emeritus Professor Aphichat Chamratrithirong Institute Population and Social Research Mahidol University. Selected countries with the largest percentage of international migrant stock, 2010.

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Cross Border Migration in Thailand: Population and Social Research Perspectives

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  1. Cross Border Migration in Thailand: Population and Social Research Perspectives Emeritus Professor AphichatChamratrithirong Institute Population and Social Research Mahidol University

  2. Selected countries with the largest percentage of international migrant stock, 2010 Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, International Migration 2009

  3. Outline • Overview • Irregular migrants in Thailand • Government’s responses Amnesty program / Registrations / MOUs / NV • Number and settlement patterns • Threats and challenges • Strengths and opportunities • Migration management and good governance • Research management towards Harmonies in Diversities • Conclusion

  4. The age-sex structure of population in Thailand and temporary migrant workers, 2010 Population in Thailand = 65,958,141 Thai Population = 63,826,595 Temporary migrant workers = 2,131,546 MaleFemale Migrants Migrants

  5. Location of Registered Migrants from Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Myanmar in Thailand Source: Thai Ministry of Labour, 2010. 

  6. Migrant Workers • About 600,000 migrants in Bangkok, • ≈240,000 are recent migrants, who moved in only within one year. • If the trend is continuing, there could be more than 1 million • of migrants in Bangkok within 2-3 years • And 5 millions for the whole country. Source: Health System Research Institute, PATH and IPSR, 2012

  7. The age-sex structure of population in Thailand and temporary migrant workers, 2010 Population in Thailand = 68,826,595 Thai Population = 63,826,595 Temporary migrant workers = 5,000,000 MaleFemale Female Migrants Male Migrants

  8. Health and Education Migrant health and children education should not be seen as a ‘cost’, but as an ‘investment’ for migrants and Thailand as a whole.

  9. Strengths • Demographic strengths • Economic strengths • Social strengths

  10. Illegal Labor/Employer There are no illegal labour migrants. There are only illegal employers.

  11. Migration Management • Regulations • Protection • Promotion

  12. Research Questions • What is the nature of citizenship among ASEAN countries? What do we want for ourselves? A closed country and an aging society, or a demographically balanced country with Harmonies in Diversities. • For migrants, what are the factors that influence their sense of belonging, integration, and attachment in Thailand? • Apart from migration regulations, how do we move further towards the protection and promotion of migrants? What access do migrants have to resources needed for social, economic, cultural, and political integration?

  13. Research Questions • What do we, and migrants need to do to facilitate the social integration and at the same time, protection of migrants’ identities and cultures? • How do we overcome discrimination and show it to the world, that we promote equality and just societies, up to, or even more than the international standards?

  14. Research Questions • How can we strengthen the role of public policy and mass media to counter negative attitudes and discrimination towards migrants, and in promoting the social and cultural integration of migrants in our new pluralistic societies? • What data and research management are needed to answer all of these questions?

  15. Thank you

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