Russian Virtual Observatory

1. Russian Virtual Observatory Oleg Malkov malkov@inasan.ru Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INASAN), Moscow Department of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

2. Astronomical data avalanche • Breakthrough in telescope, detector and computer technology allow astronomical instruments to produce terabytes of images and catalogs. This datasets will cover the sky in different wavebands • In a few years it will be easier to “dial-up” a part of the sky than wait many months to access a telescope Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

3. Virtual Observatory • Over the past years the concept of the Virtual Observatory has emerged rapidly to address the data management, analysis, distribution and interoperability challenges • The VO is a system in which the vast astronomical archives and databases around the world, together with analysis tools and computational services are linked together into an integrated facility Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

4. Virtual Observatories • Sixteen VO projects are now funded through national and international programs, and all projects work together under the International Virtual Observatory Alliance to share expertise and develop common standards and infrastructures for data exchange and interoperability • A number of the VO projects are using science prototypes, or demonstration projects to show the user community the benefits of the federated archives, catalogs and computational services Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

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6. Additional Informationhttp://www.ivoa.net/pub/info/ • The IVOA (R. J. Hanisch & P. J. Quinn) • IVOA Guidelines for Participation (R. J. Hanisch & P. J. Quinn) • Documents and Standards Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

7. Standards are necessary • providing access for 103 users to 107 resources of 10 kinds of permission • translation of names to universal dictionary (40-50 designations for Sirius or Vega, 250 different names for Johnson V-magnitude) • names of sources like "gcvs.sternberg.on-line" • query language, resource discovery, resource ranking, specific information (filters, instruments, detectors, image quality etc.), units standardisation Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

8. What is VO? • We will bring astronomical data from any telescope in the world to any computer, any time, anywhere.Parts of VO are ready now. A grand world wide scheme: 5-10 years.Less than one Advanced Tactical Fighter aircraft. When it will be ready? What will it cost? Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

9. Russian Virtual Observatory In December 2001 Scientific Council on Astronomy (Russian Academy of Sciences) strongly endorsed the RVO initiative with Centre for Astronomical Data (INASAN) and Special Astrophysical Observatory as co-ordinators. Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

10. Conferences in Russia • All-Russian astronomical conference (August 2001), St-Petersburg • Euro-Asian Astronomical Society VI congress (May 2002), Moscow • Informational systems in fundamental science (July 2002), Special Astrophysical Observatory, Nizhnij Archyz • Digital Libraries (October 2002), Dubna • Informational systems in fundamental science (July 2003), Special Astrophysical Observatory, Nizhnij Archyz • Digital Libraries (October 2003), St-Petersburg • All-Russian astronomical conference (June 2004), Moscow • Digital Libraries (September 2004), Pushchino • Euro-Asian Astronomical Society VII congress (June 2005), Moscow • Digital Libraries (October 2005), Yaroslavl • Russian Virtual Observatory Workshop (April 2006), Moscow • IVOA Interoperability Meeting and Small Projects meeting (September 2006), Moscow • All-Russian astronomical conference (September 2007), Kazan • Digital Libraries (October 2007), Pereslavl Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

11. Principal RVO goals • To provide Russian astronomical community with a convenient access to the world astronomical resources • To unite Russian and fSU data, to provide them to the rest of the world and to integrate them into the International Virtual Observatory Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

12. Other RVO goals • To take part in developing of software, techniques, standards, formats necessary for the establishment of the IVO • To use Russian instrumentation to provide observational data in remote mode when needed • To strengthen education and public applications of world astronomical data • To construct science prototypes Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

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14. RVO goals: I • To provide Russian astronomical community with a convenient access to the world astronomical resources Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

15. ADS (Astrophysics Data System) – largest astronomical electronic library, including 4 bibliographical databases (astronomy and astrophysics, physics and geophysics, instruments, astronomical preprints). VizieR – most comprehensive database of astronomical catalogues and tables, containing about 6300 (Oct 2007) catalogues and celestial object dictionary. Mirrors in INASAN INES – archive of about 111000 spectra for about 9600 objects, obtained by IUE space mission. Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

16. Wide Field Plate DB - 2 mln astronomical wide-field photographic observations stored in 345 archives all over the world (planning). Mirrors in INASAN VALD - collection of atomic line parameters of astronomical interest and tools for selecting subsets of lines for typical astrophysical applications. Hyperleda - an information system for study of the physics and evolution of galaxies, contains about 3 million objects (SAI MSU, SAO RAS). Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

17. BDB mirror (planning) • The Besancon Double and Multiple Star Database provides the international astronomical community with the most comprehensive information about all categories of double stars, namely visual, interferometric, spectroscopic, photometric, astrometric, and so forth. Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

18. SIMBAD mirror (planning) • The SIMBAD astronomical database provides basic data, cross-identifications, bibliography and measurements for 3.9 mln (Apr 2008) astronomical objects outside the solar system. Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

19. Centre for Astronomical Data services • Archives, catalogues, software on CD and on-line • Browsing and visualization of catalogues • Review and expert evaluation of data sets • Data translation: DLT, DDS, ADR, CD, MO • Analysis of user requests Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

20. RVO goals: II • To unite Russian and fSU data, to provide them to the rest of the world and to integrate them into the International Virtual Observatory Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

21. Main Russian astronomical organisations Moscow and Moscow region • Sternberg State Astronomical Institute • Institute of Astronomy (INASAN) • Astro Space Centre of Lebebev Physical Institute • Space Research Institute (IKI) • Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radiowave Propagation (IZMIRAN) St. Petersburg • Main (Pulkovo) Astronomical Observatory • Institute of Applied Astronomy • St. Petersburg State University • Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Irkutsk • Ural State University, Ekaterinburg • Kazan' State University, Kazan' • Special Astrophysical Observatory (SAO), Nizhnij Arkhyz About 100 astronomical and astronomy-related organisations, departments, institutes Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

22. Solar Stellar Radio- Mixed System systems astronomy data Sun Stars STP Cosmic rays http://www.inasan.rssi.ru/eng/rvo/rus_res.html Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

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25. CATS Database - Astrophysical CATalogs support System (Special Astrophysical Observatory) Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

26. M A S T E R – Net (Mobile Astronomical System of theTElescope-Robots) Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

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28. Registration of Russian resources • the resources are being registered in the NVO registry • the registry is based on the IVOA document “Resource metadata for the virtual observatory” Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

29. Resource metadata (with example) • Identity metadata • Title: Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment • Short name: OGLE • Identifier: www.astro.princeton.edu/~ogle • Curation metadata • Publisher: Udalski+, Warsaw+Princeton • Date: updated regularly • Content metadata • Subject: low-luminosity objects, variable stars • Type: observational project site • Spectral coverage: optical Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

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31. Digitizing of glass libraries • Russia (and fSU countries) participate in the International project on digitizing of glass libraries of astronomical observatories. • The project is led by Sofia Sky Archive Data Centre. • We have got funding, and we have bought two Epson Expression 1640XL scanners,which allow us to scan plates up to 30x30 cm. Similar scanners are widely used in Bulgaria as well as in Hungary and Germany. Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

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33. Contributors • Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences (with Zvenigorod Observatory) • Sternberg Astronomical Institute (Moscow State University) • Main (Pulkovo) Astronomical Observatory • Special Astrophysical Observatory • Crimean Astrophysical Observatory (Ukraine) • Main Astrophysical Observatory (Ukraine) Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

34. Glass libraries are in preparation • Astronomical Observatory (Kazan State University) • Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics (Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch) • Terskol Observatory (Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences) • Odessa Astronomical Observatory (Ukraine) • Astronomical Institute (Latvia State University) • Astronomical Observatory (Astrophysical Institute of Tajik Academy of Sciences) • Astronomical Observatory (Astrophysical Institute of Kasakh Academy of Sciences) Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

35. Centre for Astronomical Data servicesin collaboration with Russian observatories • Providing access to electronic tables published in main Russian astronomical journals • Producing of machine-readable versions of catalogues • Consultations and technical support to authors of catalogues • Standardization and unification of information on provided resources • Construction of catalogues Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

36. Centre for Astronomical Data catalogues • Observational data in galactic star-forming regions • Stellar polarisation bibliography • Catalogues of astrophysical parameters (mass, radius, etc.) of binary systems • Masses and ages of stars in open clusters • Low-mass binaries catalogue ……………….. Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

37. RVO goals: III • To take part in developing of software, techniques, standards, formats necessary for the establishment of the IVO Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

38. IVOA working groups • Data Access Layer • Data Modeling • Grid & Web Services • Resource Registry • Standards and processes • Semantics • VO Event • VO Query Language • VO Table • Applications Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

39. RVO goals: IV • To use Russian instrumentation to provide observational data in remote mode when needed Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

40. Russia: longitude-latitude and light pollution 83º 41º Besancon, Apr 22, 2008 20º 170º

41. Telescope is a database with very long time access Compare number of requests to SIMBAD with number of requests to a telescope Data from telescope can not be used immediately (quality problem) Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

42. RVO goals: V • To strengthen education and public applications of world astronomical data Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

43. Educational and public resources • Reference resources (SAI MSU, AI SPbSU, IAA RAS). • Educational resources (SAI MSU, Ural SU, Irkutsk ISTF, AI SPbSU). • Popular scientific resources (SAI MSU, IAA RAS, Kazan SU, Irkutsk ISTF, Odessa AO, Almaty AphI). • Observatories publications (CrAO NASU, SAO RAS, PRAO ASC LPI RAS, INASAN, Odessa Astronomical Observatory). Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

44. RVO goals: VI • To construct science prototypes Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

45. VO science goals • Systematic exploration of the large-scale structure of the Universe and the structure of the Milky Way. • Study of variability on a range of time scales, wavelength and flux level. • Investigation of poorly known portions of the observable parameter space. • Search for rare, unusual or even completely new types of astrophysical objects and phenomena. • Test the results of massive numerical simulations with equally voluminous and complex data sets. Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

46. Panchromatic view: composite Crab Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

47. Study of time sequences Weak short transient events discovery Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

48. NVO: Brown dwarf candidate search • BDs exhibit red (i-z) colors in SDSS and blue (J-Ks) colors in 2MASS. • New BDs were discovered during the demonstration of a NVO science prototype in a few minutes (instead of weeks or months). 1/200 portion of sky is studied. • This result was later confirmed by spectroscopic observations on the Keck observatory Besancon, Apr 22, 2008

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50. Euro-VO: Type II QSO search • Very red sources of X-ray radiation. • Combination of data from VLT, HST and Chandra (Euro-VO) gives 30 new Type II QSOs (another nine QSOs were known). Besancon, Apr 22, 2008