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Do bats see themselves in the mirror?

Do bats see themselves in the mirror?. Jennifer Vonk Oakland University. Self-awareness. Do non-humans exhibit the capacity for self awareness? Typically measured via: Meta-cognition Mirror mark test . Msr studies. Why are bats interesting?. Complex social structure

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Do bats see themselves in the mirror?

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  1. Do bats see themselves in the mirror? Jennifer Vonk Oakland University

  2. Self-awareness • Do non-humans exhibit the capacity for self awareness? • Typically measured via: • Meta-cognition • Mirror mark test

  3. Msr studies

  4. Why are bats interesting? • Complex social structure • Variability in social groups, diet, and physiology • Diet: • Fruit, animal blood, insects • Unique traits, such as echolocation

  5. What do we know about how bats think? • Social Learning • Catching prey • Vocal association to prey • Food preferences • Co-operation • Spatial Memory • Spatial locations vs. shapes • Poor Object Discrimination • Individual Recognition • Individual calls • Reciprocal Altruism • Recognize defectors and cooperators

  6. Do Bats have self-awareness? • MSR Test • Exposed to mirror and non-reflective “sham” mirror • Mark test

  7. subjects • 19 bats of 6 different species: • Vampire bats (3) • Straw colored fruit bats (6) • Malayan flying foxes (2) • Jamaican fruit bats (3) • Egyptian fruit bats (3) • Rodriguez fruit bat (1)

  8. procedure • Phase 1 – Habituation • Phase 2 – Novelty Control: Familiarization to sham mirror • Phase 3 – Mirror Baseline: Familiarization to mirror without mark (2 sessions). • Phase 4 – Mark Test • Baseline with ear mark – no mirror • Mirror and an unfamiliar bat plus ear mark • Phase 5 –Further Mark Tests • Mirror or sham mirror with mark (4 sessions each randomly determined in blocks of 4). • Phase 6 – Partner Tests • With familiar bat and - both marked (2 sessions) – sham and mirror (counterbalanced side).

  9. Measured • Time spent • Looking time • Grooming • Touches to Mirror

  10. limitations • Questions about vision • Prior exposure to transparent enclosures and mirrors • Use of mirror to search for hidden items? • Monitor echolocation

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