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Bell Work 11/16/18

Bell Work 11/16/18. Describe the Tet Offensive. Who was Henry Kissinger and what was his policy?. Vietnam War. Chapter 29. War Develops. Chapter 29/Section 1. Standard 80. War Develops. Ho Chi Minh - Communist leader of North Vietnam from 1945-1969.

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Bell Work 11/16/18

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  1. Bell Work 11/16/18 • Describe the Tet Offensive. • Who was Henry Kissingerand what was his policy?

  2. Vietnam War Chapter 29

  3. War Develops Chapter 29/Section 1

  4. Standard 80 War Develops • Ho Chi Minh- Communist leader of North Vietnam from 1945-1969. • Vietminh- Communist party of Vietnam that wanted independence from French.

  5. Standard 75, 80 War Develops Vietnam: 1 • Domino Theory- idea that if one nation fell to Communism, others would too. • Dien Bien Phu (May 7, 1954)- decisive battle where the Vietminh defeated the French out of Indochina. • Geneva Accords (July 1954) • Divided Vietnam at the 17th Parallel. Communism in the North and Democracy in the South.

  6. Standard 80 Conflict in Vietnam • Ngo Dinh Diem- Prime Minister of democratic South Vietnam. • National Liberation Front (NLF) Vietcong- • Southern Vietnamese Communist guerillas • Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) – Anti-Communist Southern Vietnam.

  7. Standard 80 U.S. Involvement • USS Maddox (Aug. 4, 1964)- American Navy ship attacked by the North Vietnamese. • Tonkin Gulf Resolution (Aug. 7, 1964)- allows the President to full authority to take measures against an attack on the U.S Johnson

  8. Bell Work 11/22/18 • What was Operation Rolling Thunder? • Who were the doves and hawks?

  9. U.S. Support of Vietnam War Chapter 29/Section 2

  10. Standard 80 Air War Vietnam • Operation Rolling Thunder (March 1965) • Gradual bombing campaign against North Vietnam from 1965-1968 to destroy morale. • Agent Orange- defoliant chemical harmful to environment and people. • Napalm-flammable liquid • Ho Chi Minh Trail- covered trail from North to South Vietnam.

  11. Standard 80 Ground War • President Lyndon B. Johnson- 36th President from 1963-1969. Known for his “Great Society,” “War of Poverty,” civil rights, and Vietnam. • William Westmoreland- army general who led the strategy against the Viet Cong. • Search-and-destroy- military strategy in Vietnam that encourages finding and expelling the enemy.

  12. Standard 80, 81 U.S. Mobilizes • Lottery Draft- Selective Service Act which determined military service for Vietnam War. • “Living Room War”- Vietnam was the first major televised war, which created a strong anti-war view.

  13. Standard 80, 81 U.S. Mobilizes • Doves- Those who opposed the war. • Hawks- Those who support the war. • Anti-War Movement • Large protests between 1965-1969 against the Vietnam War. Led by Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)- organization known for its activism against the Vietnam War.

  14. 1968: A Turning Point Chapter 29/Section 3

  15. Standard 80 Tet Offensive • Khe Shan (Jan. 1968) • 5 month attack by North Vietnamese on American military base to set up the Tet Offensive. • Tet Offensive (1968) • Largest military campaign of the Vietnam War when North Vietnamese attacked 12 U.S. bases. It increased the anti-war movement.

  16. Standard 80 Johnson Seeks Solution • 1968 Election • Robert Kennedy (Democrat) • Early favorite but assassinated by SirhanSirhan • Richard Nixon (Republican) • Richard Nixon- 37th President from 1969-1974 known for ending the Vietnam War, moon landing, and Watergate Scandal. 1968 Election

  17. War Ends Chapter 29/Section 4

  18. Standard 80, 98 Widening the War • Henry Kissinger • Security Advisor who led the Paris Peace Accords to end the Vietnam War and created détente- reduce the tension of the Cold War. • Vietnamization- Nixon and Kissinger’s plan to equip the Southern Vietnamese and withdraw U.S. • Silent Majority- Nixon’s belief that most people supported the Vietnam War.

  19. Standard 80, 81 Increasing Protests America the Story of Us: 8 • Weathermen- radical left-wing organization at the University of Michigan who wanted to overthrow American imperialism. • They organized the Days of Rage (Oct. 1969) to bomb government organizations. • Kent State (May 2, 1970)-shootings of unarmed college students for protesting the Cambodia bombings.

  20. Standard 80 Increasing Protests • My Lai Massacre (March 16, 1968) • Mass murder of Vietnamese civilians by U.S. soldiers. Lieutenant William Calley was convicted. • Pentagon Papers • The Department of Defenses history of the Vietnam War published by Daniel Ellsberg in the New York Times.

  21. Standard 80 End of U.S. Involvement • 1972 Election • Richard Nixon (Republican) • George McGovern (Democrat) • Twenty-Sixth Amendment • Set the voting age to 18.

  22. Standard 80 Vietnam Legacy • A peace agreement would be reached by January 1973, removing U.S. from Vietnam. • On April 30, 1975, North Vietnam took over South Vietnam. • Cambodia- U.S. bombed the Ho Chi Minh trail in 1969, but in 1975, Communist forces known as Khmer Rouge took over. • War Powers Act (1973) • Reaffirmed constitutional right to declare war.

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