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Module 7: Infection Control

Module 7: Infection Control. Objectives. Define vocabulary words related to infection control Describe the history of infection control Discuss the importance of infection control measures Demonstrate good handwashing technique. Objectives. Recognize how germs spread

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Module 7: Infection Control

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  1. Module 7: Infection Control

  2. Objectives • Define vocabulary words related to infection control • Describe the history of infection control • Discuss the importance of infection control measures • Demonstrate good handwashing technique

  3. Objectives • Recognize how germs spread • Describe each link in the chain of infection • Relate the chain of infection to the work of nurse aides • Describe the signs and symptoms of infection to report to the nurse • Compare standard precautions and transmission-based precautions

  4. Infections…interesting facts • More than 2 million infections occur in a health care setting each year. • The leading cause of death in nursing homes is infection. • Infection is also the most frequent reason a person is moved from a nursing home to a hospital for care.

  5. Infections…interesting facts • Childbed fever was actually a streptococcal infection. • Washing hands could have prevented many mothers and babies from dying of infections.

  6. Handout 1 and 1A • Infection Control Vocabulary List • Fictional Obituary

  7. Personal Hygiene Habits

  8. Personal Hygiene Habits Do’s Do Not’s • Practice good personal grooming – bathe, brush teeth, etc. • Wear clean, unwrinkled clothes • Cover your mouth and nose when coughing & sneezing • Wash hands frequently • Wear your uniform that you have worked in around your own home • Take personal belongings into a patient’s home • Eat or drink after other people

  9. Optional – Class Discussion • Discuss the importance of good hygiene. • Discuss what the class thinks is good personal hygiene.

  10. Handwashing

  11. Handout 2 • Hand Hygiene Guidelines Fact Sheet

  12. Handout 3 - Activity • Proper Technique • Instructor demonstration on proper technique • Students critique each other on technique

  13. How Germs Spread

  14. Handout 4 • Confidential Self-Assessment

  15. Handout 5 • Optional – Glitter Bug or Glo Germ Activity

  16. Chain of Infection Infectious Agent

  17. Chain of Infection RESERVOIR

  18. Chain of Infection PORTAL OF EXIT

  19. Chain of Infection MODE OF TRANSMISSION

  20. Chain of Infection PORTAL OF ENTRY

  21. Chain of Infection SUSCEPTIBLE HOST

  22. Handout 6Chain of Infection Activity • Match each word in the middle of the chain of infection to it’s corresponding link.

  23. Chain of Infection - Answers • Infectious Agents: • Staph • MRSA • E. coli • TB • Hepatitis

  24. Chain of Infection - Answers • Reservoir: • Blood • Potato Salad • Soil • Raw Meat • Ticks

  25. Chain of Infection - Answers • Portal of Exit: • Tears from tear ducts • Drainage from wound • Feces through GI tract • Blood through skin cut • Nose through sneezing

  26. Chain of Infection - Answers • Mode of Transmission: • Door knobs • Soiled sheets • Unwashed hands • Overbed table • Used tissue

  27. Chain of Infection - Answers • Portal of Entry: • Skin tear • Mouth • Surgical incision • Skin puncture • Eyes

  28. Chain of Infection - Answers • Susceptible Host: • Person with diabetes • Frail elderly • Person who’s had surgery • Person with catheter • Person with poor nutrition

  29. Handout 7 - Breaking the Chain of Infection Activity • Match each word in the middle to it’s corresponding link to show where to break the chain of infection.

  30. Breaking the Chain of Infection - Answers • Infectious Agents: • Antibiotics • Immunizations

  31. Breaking the Chain of Infection - Answers • Reservoir: • Clean dish towels every day • Staying home when sick • Bathing daily • Wearing clean uniforms every day • Handwashing

  32. Breaking the Chain of Infection - Answers • Portal of Exit: • Handwashing • Clean dressing over wound • Cover mouth & nose when sneezing • Proper waste & trash disposal

  33. Breaking the Chain of Infection - Answers • Mode of Transmission: • Alcohol based hand rubs • New toothbrush every few months • No artificial nails • Wiping doorknobs with antiseptic solution • Clean gloves • Safe food handling • No soiled linen touching uniform • No jewelry • Handwashing

  34. Breaking the Chain of Infection - Answers • Portal of Entry: • Catheter care • Unbroken skin

  35. Breaking the Chain of Infection - Answers • Susceptible Host: • Proper diet • Exercise • Strong immune system

  36. When Infection Occurs • The body takes steps to fight off infections • There are various signs and symptoms associated with infection

  37. Class Discussion • Name signs and symptoms of infections that you have known of, seen, or even experienced.

  38. Bloodborne Pathogens • A classification of microorganisms that cause disease • Found in various fluids within the body • Employers should have an occupational exposure plan in place for all employees

  39. HIV/AIDS • HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus • HIV causes AIDS: Acquired Immuno- Deficiency Syndrome

  40. HIV/AIDS Can Get HIV From: Cannot Get HIV From: • Blood • Semen • Vaginal fluid • Breast milk • Sharing needles or syringes with an HIV positive individual • Feces • Urine • Saliva • Nasal fluid • Sweat • Tears • Vomit

  41. Precautions • The CDC first released Universal Precautions • Standard Precautions then replaced Universal Precautions, also adding Transmission Based Precautions • Droplet Precautions • Contact Precautions • Airborne Precautions

  42. Handout 8 • Standard Precautions and Transmission Based Precautions Chart

  43. Handout 9 • Which Precaution Would You Use?

  44. Optional - Class Discussion • Give examples of work experiences where you had to take care of a patient with a possible infectious disease…How did you protect yourself?

  45. Optional - Activity • Practice putting on and taking off/disposing of gloves, masks, and gowns.

  46. Influenza • Symptoms • Severity • Transmission • How to protect yourself and your patient

  47. MRSA Methycillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

  48. Scabies Scabies are microscopic mites that burrow into skin, where they live, lay eggs, and greatly irritate their host. Scabies is a common, worldwide condition. It affects people from all social classes and does not reflect on someone’s cleanliness.

  49. How to Kill Germs • Disinfection • Sterilization • Incineration

  50. Bag Technique • There are important safety precautions regarding proper bag technique • Make sure the bag you have has easily accessible, open outside pockets, and a large, zipper closed section as well • Never put your bag on the floor

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