副詞子句

1. 副詞子句 By Dr. Tracy Shih

2. 副詞子句 • When we were in Kaohsiung, we went to several night markets. • We went to several night markets when we were in Kaosiung. when we were in Kaohsiung是副詞子句，當副詞子句在主要子句之前，用逗號分隔兩個子句。若副詞子句在主要子句之後，則通常不用逗號。

3. 引導副詞子句的詞語一覽表 • 時間

4. 引導副詞子句的詞語一覽表 • 因果 because, now that, since • 對比 even though, although, though • 直接對比 while, whereas • 條件 if, unless, only if, whether or not, even if, in case, in the event that

5. 用副詞子句表示因果關係 *because Because he was sleepy, he went to bed. =He went to bed because he was sleepy. *now that=because now表示現在及未來情況的原因 Now that the semester is over, I’m going to take a trip. John lost his job. Now that he’s unemployed, he can’t pay his bills. *since Since Wednesday is a holiday, we don’t have to go to work. Since you are a good cook and I’m not, you should cook the dinner.

6. 表示對比(意外的結果):用even though • Because the weather was cold, I didn’t go swimming. (because 表預期中的結果 ) 2. Even though the weather was cold, I went swimming. (even though表意外的結果 ) 3. Because I wasn’t tired, I didn’t go to bed. 4. Even though I wasn’t tired, I went to bed.

7. 表示直接對比: While 及 Whereas • Jane is rich, while John is poor. • John is poor, while Jane is rich. • Jane is rich, whereas John is poor. • Whereas Jane is rich, John is poor. • while及 whereas用以表示直接對應，這個正好是那個的相反。 • whereas用於正式的書寫英語中

8. 副詞子句表示條件: if子句 • 1. If it rains, the streets get wet. If 子句提出可能的條件，主要子句表示結果。 • 2. If it rains, I will take my umbrella. • 儘管if子句的動詞表示未來的事件或情況，if子句要用現在式而非未來式。

9. 條件副詞子句:用whether or not 及even if • I’m going to go swimming tomorrow whether or not it is cold. 2. I have decided to go swimming. Even if the weather is cold, I’m going to go swimming

10. 條件副詞子句:用in case 及in the event that • 1. I’ll be at my uncle’s house in case you need to reach me. • 2. In the event that you need to reach me, I’ll be at my uncle’s house. in case/ in the event that 表示”萬一出現這種情況”

11. 條件副詞子句:用unless • I’ll go swimming tomorrow unless it’s cold. • I’ll go swimming tomorrow if it isn’t cold. • unless=if…. not 除非

12. 條件副詞子句:用only if • The picnic will be canceled only if it rains. (only if 表示只有一種條件會造成某個特定的結果.) = Only if it rains will the picnic be canceled. 如果 only if在句首主要子句的主詞與動詞要倒裝.