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Teaching through Play

( Training of Mothers). Teaching through Play. Why Playing Is Important ?

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Teaching through Play

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  1. (Training of Mothers) Teaching through Play

  2. Why Playing Is Important ? • Play takes on a very different meaning. Play to a child IS learning! They learn to play and play to learn. Play is terribly important to a child. It is not a distraction. It's not something they do to take up time. It's the child's life. • Young children do not learn in the same manner as older children do. Young children learn by actual contact with real objects, events, and people. (That's why field trips, outdoor play, and other exciting activities are so important.) • A child learns by involving himself, all of himself, in exploring, discovering, repeating, and by continually adapting what he sees into his daily life. He learns to talk by learning the name of the object he holds in his hand, and describing the activity he is engaged in. • She/he is learning words, their uses and meaning in the situation at hand. Because the young child can repeat words so easily, it is easy to be fooled into thinking that she understands what she is talking about.

  3. Types Of Play Children's play behavior can be grouped into a few categories or types and is related to the materials and tools of play. These categories often overlap and are highly interrelated. The types of play are: QUIET PLAYQuiet play is likely to be encouraged by picture books, bead-stringing, pegboards, puzzles, doll play, coloring with crayons, etc. CREATIVE PLAYCreativity has a broad meaning and play of this nature includes many things, such as painting, drawing, problem solving, music, dancing, getting along with others, play dough, sand, collage, the use of imagination, etc. ACTIVE PLAYActive play can be stimulated by the use of balls, slides, swings, push-pull toys, sand and water play, games, crates and blocks, riding tikes and bikes, running around, climbing trees, and the use of indoor materials like rhythm band, bean bag toss, "dress-up" clothes, cars and trucks, etc.

  4. COOPERATIVE PLAYPlay that requires more than one person, such as ball games, tag, see-saws, playing dolls or house, block building, some swings, hide and seek, etc. • DRAMATIC PLAYDramatic and creative play may also be called social play. In this type of play, children try out different kinds of life roles, occupations, and activities, such as firefighter, actor, actress, mother, dad, astronaut, dancer, singer, farmer, doctor, nurse, soldier, etc. This play may be done quietly or actively, alone or with others, such as playing with dolls or action figures. • MANIPULATIVE PLAYPlay that involves the use of hands, muscles, and eyes. It helps to develop coordination and a wide variety of skills. Playing with puzzles, crayons, painting, cutting with scissors, stringing beads, the use of tools, block building, dolls, and trucks are examples.

  5. Characteristics Of Suitable Toys Ask yourself these questions:ARE THEY SAFE? There is no absolute safety against accident or injury, but reasonable precaution should be used. Toys should be selected with great care. Any toy can be unsafe if given to the wrong child, to a child at the wrong age, or when it is misused. A child's safety depends upon the types of toys selected, the way they are maintained and the amount of safe handling taught and practiced in the home.ARE THEY DURABLE? Toys are going to be used, mauled, hugged, dropped, thrown, stood on, chewed on, washed, dried, etc., so they need to stand up under normal wear and tear.

  6. ARE THEY APPROPRIATE TO THE AGE OF THE CHILD? A toy should be selected according to the unique and individual needs, abilities, physical, and emotional characteristics of the child. But, the child should be able to use the toy today! One doesn't buy a two wheel bicycle for a toddler or a crib mobile for a school age child. Many toys should allow for growth, such as blocks, which can be used in many different ways over a long period of time. DO THEY WORK? Do they do what they are supposed to do? Nothing causes loss of interest as readily as a toy that fails to perform. It often results in frustration, anger, and discouragement .DO THEY CAPTURE THE CHILD'S INTEREST?One doesn't have to coax, force or trick a child into playing with a good toy. The play is spontaneous. It should reflect the child's, not the adult's, interests. Toys which can be used for a variety of purposes keep the child's interest longer than those with only one use.

  7. ARE THEY FUN? That is, are they fun from the child's point of view? Are they for enjoyment now? Can they be used at various ages?DO THEY STIMULATE CREATIVE ACTIVITY? Can the toys offer problem-solving opportunities? Do they leave room for imagination? Imagination isn't only concerned with unreal things, but also with reality, and it involves planning, ideas, and creating. Do they teach new skills?DO THEY INVOLVE INTERACTION WITH OTHERS?Must the child play alone with the toys or can others such as peers, siblings or adults be involved too?CAN THEY BE KEPT CLEAN EASILY?Rag dolls, animals and the like should be the kind which can be washed or scrubbed, or at least have removable clothes which should be laundered often.ARE THEY ARTISTIC IN COLOR, FORM, AND EXPRESSION? Avoid ugly or grotesque figures and toys that make harsh, jangling noises.

  8. Characteristics Of Unsuitable Toys Ask yourself these questions:ARE THEY UNSAFE?Unsafe toys have one or more of these characteristics: sharp corners, edges, and protrusions; shoot objects; are flammable; have easily lost or broken parts; toxic paint; are poorly constructed; might give an electrical shock; use glass instead of plastic in toy car, truck, or airplane windows, etc.; have detachable parts, like button eyes, that can be put into mouth, ears, nose; have fluffy trimmings that can be pulled or torn off and put into the mouth; are stuffed with toxic or non-hygienic material. DO THEY OFFER LITTLE OR NO CHANCE OF INTERACTION?Wind-up or automated toys are a good example. They are poor toys because the child cannot direct the action. Wind-up or automated toys have a life of their own. They go through the same tricks or movements over and over again. Plus, they are often complicated, delicate, easily broken, unrepairable, dangerous, expensive and tend to foster spectator behavior rather than participation and activity.

  9. ARE THEY TOO MATURE FOR A CERTAIN CHILD?DO THEY APPEAR TO CONTRIBUTE TO MISBEHAVIOR, STIMULATE TOO MUCH EXCITEMENT, AGGRESSION, OR DANGEROUS PLAY?DO THEY FOSTER VALUES YOU AND THE CHILDREN'S PARENTS DO NOT UPHOLD?DO THEY CAUSE ANGER AND/OR FRUSTRATION?DO THEY COST TOO MUCH?

  10. Types Of Toys For A Child’s Development • Toys can be divided into several groups, depending on the part of the child it helps to develop: • Toys for physical or muscle development such as wagons, bikes, boxes, puzzles, blocks, brooms, and shovels. • Toys for sensory(touch, sight, sound, taste, smell) development such as water toys, musical instruments, bubbles, play dough, and sand toys. • Toys for make-believe and social development such as dolls, dress-up clothes, cars, trucks, games, and books. • Toys for creative and intellectual development such as clay, crayons, paints, books, paper, and scissors. • Toys to be used for building such as blocks, boards, boxes • Children need a balance of toys from each of these groups to ensure their whole development.

  11. Ages & Stages for 2 & 3 years

  12. List down what is in your opinion is the appropriate toys/games for your toddler • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________

  13. Appropriate Toddler Toys

  14. Toys for Toddlers Age Fun time tractor Touch and feel Tools kit Pretend house farm Happy shapes

  15. Wood alphabet puzzle w/ knobs Lacing shoe puzzle Roll around tower Super-saxo flute Sort and stack

  16. Gum ball machine Tubation Wood number puzzle w/ Knobs Dance beat drum Pals on the go

  17. List down the general specifications for toys/games for your toddlers • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________

  18. List down the kind of games you think you can play with your toddlers • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________ • _______________________________________

  19. Play and Game to introduce to Toddlers • Pretend-play (create a traffic jam with toy cars); • Play tag, bounce, catch, and empty-fill games; • Hide things and let children hide things from you; • Build something from blocks; • Misname things and play "guess what it is"; • Tell stories and let children supply missing words; • Reverse roles (you be the powerless one); • Follow-the-leader; • Guessing games; • Act out stories; • Let children imitate your activities (such as washing up and cleaning house); • Sing to the children; • Help children classify objects; • Go on field trips in the backyard; • Take children to library.

  20. Post-test Questions for Field Trial • Were you familiar with this material? • ڤ Yes • ڤ No • If No, how much was new to you • ڤ All • ڤ Most • ڤ Some • 2. Were you familiar with the types of toys • ڤ Yes • ڤ No • If No, how much was new to you • ڤ All • ڤ Most • ڤ Some

  21. 3. Were you familiar with the types of games? ڤ Yes ڤ No If No, how much was new to you ڤ All ڤ Most ڤ Some 4. What new information did you learn? ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 5. What did you already know from the information given to you? ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________

  22. Result Tabulation 1 Result Tabulation 2

  23. Instructions for teaching the concept of participation • Provide plenty of place to play with the child • Encourage the child to play, DONOT rush or insist • Let the child choose a toy to play with • Choose another toy like bricks used in building houses or a bag dull of stuffed animals • Move to the child's level when playing. You should be able to look eye-to-eye, which may mean sitting on the floor or lifting them. • Talk to the child about his/her toy (be creative, enthusiastic and kind) • Observe him/her while they are playing • Pretend to play with your own toy

  24. 9. Suggest to the child to come and play with you • 10. Show the child the act of participation with the toy • By using building blocks ask the child to help you to build the house • By using a stuffed animals ask the child to help you line up the animals in a place • 11. If the child’s shows frustration from the task encourage him/her by switching and helping them in their playing and then switching back to your game • 12. Do it once or twice until the child understands what is meant by participation • Remember: • Affection from you = security for the child • Respect from you = self-respect for the child • Approval from you = strong self-concept for the child

  25. Questionnaire after Playing 1. Where the playing instructions given easy to understand? Yes ڤ No ڤ If No why? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 2. Where the playing instructions applicable to the task learnt? Yes ڤ No ڤ If No why? _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 3. Were you able to teach the child using the toys provided? Yes ڤ No ڤ If No why? _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________

  26. 4. Did the child enjoy the playing? Yes ڤ No ڤ If No why? _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 5. Was the task enjoyable for you? Yes ڤ No ڤ If No why? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 6. What skills did you gain from this playing? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________

  27. 7. Did the child learn the concept of participation? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 8.What obstacles did you face? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 9. What obstacles did the child face? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 10.What other playing instruction you think will be useful for mothers when playing with their children? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________

  28. 11. Any additional comments which you would like to make? _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________

  29. Instructions for teaching the concept of independency • Provide plenty of place to play with the child • Encourage the child to play, DONOT rush or insist • Let the child choose between puzzle with knobs, blocks or play dough • Move to the child's level when playing. You should be able to look eye-to-eye, which may mean sitting on the floor or lifting them. • Talk to the child about the toy (be creative, enthusiastic and kind) • Observe him/her while they are playing • Play with them but do not from the beginning lead them, be a FOLLOWER instead • Ensure the child is enjoying your company • Suggest to the child a new way of playing the same game

  30. 10. Show the child the act of independency with the toy • By using a play dough make a simple shape and let the child do one • By using a block, put them in a shape like a square or above each other and let them do similar one • By using a puzzle with knob, show the child how to do it and let them do it by themselves. • 11. If the child’s shows frustration from the task encourage him/her by taking the child’s hand and doing it together • 12. Do it once or twice and then give him/her a chance to try it for themselves. • Remember: • Affection from you = security for the child • Respect from you = self-respect for the child • Approval from you = strong self-concept for the child

  31. Questionnaire after Playing 1. Where the playing instructions given easy to understand? Yes ڤ No ڤ If No why? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 2. Where the playing instructions applicable to the task learnt? Yes ڤ No ڤ If No why? _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 3. Were you able to teach the child using the toys provided? Yes ڤ No ڤ If No why? _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________

  32. 4. Did the child enjoy the playing? Yes ڤ No ڤ If No why? _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 5. Was the task enjoyable for you? Yes ڤ No ڤ If No why? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 6. What skills did you gain from this playing? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________

  33. 7. Did the child learn the concept of independency? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 8.What obstacles did you face? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 9. What obstacles did the child face? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 10.What other playing instruction you think will be useful for mothers when playing with their children? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________

  34. 11. Any additional comments which you would like to make? _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________

  35. Evaluation Form Please rate the training 1- Excellent; 2- Very Good; 3- Good; 4-Fair; 5-Poor

  36. Cont-Evaluation Form Please rate the training 1- Excellent; 2- Very Good; 3- Good; 4-Fair; 5-Poor

  37. Any additional comments you would like to make: __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________

  38. Content Sources • http://www.nncc.org/Curriculum/better.play.html • http://www.brighttots.com/12-36page5.html • http://ohioline.osu.edu/asc-fact/ASC6.pdf • http://ohioline.osu.edu/asc-fact/ASC7.pdf • http://www.nncc.org/Series/good.time.play.html • http://www.nncc.org/Series/good.time.toy.html • http://www.questia.com/popularSearches/early_childhood.jsp

  39. Why Playing Is Important ? • Play IS learning • Children learn by: • contact with objects, events, and people. • exploring, discovering and repeating things • learning words, their uses and meaning in the situation

  40. Types Of Play The types of play are: Quiet playPicture books, puzzles, doll play, coloring with crayons Creative playDrawing, problem solving, play dough, etc Active playBalls, swings, slides, sand and water

  41. Cooperative playMore than one person e.g. hide and seek Dramatic playCalled social play. Life roles e.g. doctor Manipulative playUse of hands, muscles, and eyes e.g. cutting with scissors

  42. Characteristics Of Suitable Toys Are they durable? Are they appropriate to the age? Do they work? Are they safe? Do they capture the child's interest?

  43. Are they fun? Do they stimulate creative activity? Do they involve interaction with others? Can they be kept clean easily? Are they artistic in color, form, and Expression?

  44. Characteristics Of Unsuitable Toys Are they unsafe? Do they offer any chance of interaction? Are they too mature for a child? Do they cause anger and/or frustration? Do they foster values you don’t uphold?

  45. Do they appear to: • Contribute to misbehavior? • Stimulate too much excitement? • Stimulate aggression? • Stimulate dangerous play? • Do they cost too much?

  46. Types Of Toys For A Child’s Development • Toys are divided according to: • Physical or muscle development e.g. such as wagons • Sensorydevelopment e.g. water toys • Make-believe and social development e.g. dress-up clothes • Creative and intellectual development e.g. clay

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