VI. Using Quotations

1. VI. Using Quotations And Incorporating Sources without Plagiarism

2. Table of Contents • Defining Plagiarism 3-4 • More Information about Plagiarism 5 • Three Steps to Using Quotations 7-9 • Signal Words 10 • Examples 11 • Signal Phrases to Introduce Quotations 12 • “Short” vs. “Long” Quotations 13-14 • Avoiding “Dropped” Quotations 15-16 • Direct Quotation vs. Indirect Quotation 17 • Pat’s Next Step: Final Draft Unit VII

3. PLAGIARISM IS AN ACT OF FRAUD! IT INVOLVES STEALING SOMEONE’S WORDS AND LYING ABOUT IT AFTERWARDS. Wow! I have to learn more about what plagiarism is and how to avoid it!

4. Definition of Plagiarism • According to BCC Catalog’s Statement on Academic Integrity, “Plagiarism is defined as the act of taking someone else’s words, opinions, or ideas and claiming them as one’s own” (43). • Examples given in BCC Catalog: • Instances when a student • Knowingly represents the work of others as his/her own • Represents previously completed academic work as current

5. More Examples of Plagiarism • Submits a paper or other academic work for credit which includes words, ideas, data or creative work of others without acknowledging the source. • Uses another author’s exact works without enclosing them in quotation marks and citing them appropriately • Paraphrases or summarizes another author’s words without citing the source appropriately.

6. Plagiarism Links • http://plagiarism.org/research_site/e_what_is_plagiarism.html • Turnitin.com at http://www.turnitin.com/ Students have to check their papers carefully to avoid plagiarism!

7. How can I find out how to use my source materials and cite them correctly in MLA style?

8. Three Steps to Using Quotations • Introduce • Cite • Analyze What does introducing, citing, and analyzing look like?

9. How to Introduce, Cite, and Analyze Introduce Elaine Showalter would disagree with the interpretation of the demonized baby that poses a threat to the mother; using a feminist approach, she emphasizes the social and economic conditions that bind women and drive them into insanity. According to her, the narrator in “The Yellow Wallpaper” is “a woman driven mad by her enforced confinement and passivity” whereas the rest cure “is a sinister parody of idealized Victorian femininity: inertia, privatization, narcissism, dependency. In particular, the weight gain that was considered an essential part of the cure was a kind of pseudo-pregnancy” (247). The narrator is on the brink of insanity not because of her own weakness of any kind, but because she is driven into insanity by unreasonable and unfair expectations. Cite Analyze

10. Signal Words to Use

11. Examples • Showalter emphasizes the social and economic conditions that bind women and drive them into insanity (247). • Paula A. Treichler, on the other hand, explains that Gilman skillfully uses the wallpaper as a metaphor for women’s discourse (188). • Treichler observesthat… • Deborah Thomas notes that in Charlotte Gilman’s view, “women were constricted to the set parameters that men determined. . .[and] conditioned to accept these boundaries and remain in place, in the private sphere.”

12. Useful Phrases to Introduce a Quote or Paraphrase • Showalterargues that • Showalter points out that • Showalter emphasizes that • Showalter interprets ___ as • Showalter describes ___ as • According to Showalter, • In Showalter's words, • In Showalter's view,

13. How do I know the difference between a long vs. a short quotation?

14. Block Indent(Hit “Tab” twice) Short vs. Long Quotations A quotation is “long” if it is more than four lines. Whereas the wallpaper can be interpreted as a reflection of the narrator’s individual struggle, the wallpaper pattern can also be seen as the “pattern” of the social and economic dependence of women, or even as prison bars that confine women to the domestic sphere. Paula A. Treichler views the woman in the wallpaper as a slave in the domestic sphere. She argues that “the yellow wallpaper represents. . . the “pattern” of social and economic dependence which reduces women to domestic slavery. . . all women” (190). • The narrator writes about her discovery that not one but many women are hidden behind the pattern: • Through watching so much at night, when it changes so, I have finally found out. The front pattern does move--and no wonder! The woman behind shakes it! Sometimes I think there are a great many women behind, and sometimes only one and she crawls around fast, and her crawling shakes it all over. (Gilman, “Yellow ” 16) Notice difference in period placement between short and long quotations.

15. What is a “dropped” quotation?

16. Avoid “Dropped Quotations” “I never saw a worse paper in my life. One of those sprawling, flamboyant patterns committing every artistic sin” (Gilman, “Yellow” 5). The narrator asserts, “I never saw a worse paper in my life. One of those sprawling, flamboyant patterns committing every artistic sin” (Gilman, “Yellow” 5).

17. Direct Quotation vs. Indirect Quotation (Paraphrase) Direct Quotation The wallpaper is dull and ugly, but the narrator watches it closely for extended periods of time. The unruly pattern reflects the narrator’s own confused mental state as she follows its unpredictable paths that suddenly come to illogical endings. (Gilman,“Yellow” 5). The narrator states, “It is dull enough to confuse the eye in following, pronounced enough to constantly irritate and provoke study, and when you follow the lame uncertain curves for a little distance they suddenly commit suicide-plunge off at outrageous angles, destroy themselves in unheard of contradictions” (Gilman, “Yellow” 5). Indirect Quotation Indirect quotations (paraphrases) must be cited!

18. Hooray! I know how to use my sources! Now it’s time to write the final draft!