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Meiosis

Meiosis. Vocabulary. Somatic cells - Any cell , other than a gamete , forming the body of an organism Gametes - sex cells ( eggs and sperm )

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Meiosis

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  1. Meiosis

  2. Vocabulary • Somaticcells- Anycell, otherthan a gamete, formingthebody of anorganism • Gametes- sex cells (eggs and sperm) • Homologouschromosomes: Chromosomesthathave a correspondingchromosomefromtheopposite-sex parent (2 sets of chromosomes, onefromeachparent) • Diploid (2n)- A cellthatcontainsboth sets of homologouschromosomes. • Haploid (n)- A cellthatcontainsonly a single set of chromosomes

  3. Mitosis vs Meiosis • Mitosis: • Twoidenticalcells • Meiosis: • 4 cellsthat are geneticallydifferent

  4. Mitosis Meiosis

  5. Interphase • DNA isuncoiled (calledchromatin) • DNA replicates • Cellgrows >< <

  6. Prophase I • DNA condenses (calledchromosome) • Nucleusdisintegrates • Homologouschromosomespair up (forming a tetrad) • Crossover occursbetweentetrads

  7. Metaphase I • Tetrads line up in themiddle of thecell

  8. Anaphase I • Homologouschromosomessplit up and movetowardoppositeends of thecell

  9. Telophase I • 2 independentcellsbegintoform • Nucleusformsoneachcell • DNA uncoils

  10. Cytokinesis • Occurs at thesame time as telophase • Division of thecytoplasmtomake 2 haploidcells

  11. Prophase II • Chromosomes do notpair up • Nucleusdisappears • DNA condenses

  12. Metaphase II • Chromosomes line up in themiddle of thecell

  13. Anaphase II • Sisterchromatidssplit up

  14. Telophase II • 4 haploiddaughtercells (gametes) are beingformed • Eachgametemakes a nucleus • Chromosomesuncoil (formingchromatin)

  15. Cytokinesis • Occurs at thesame time as telophase II • 4 differentcells are formed

  16. Meiosis diagram XX X X Meiosis I > > < < Meiosis II

  17. Sex cells- men vs women • Men: produce foursperms • Women: produce oneegg. Therestbecome “polar bodies”

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