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HOW HAS THE BATTLE OF IWO JIMA BEEN PORTRAYED IN FILM OVER TIME?. By: Kimberlee Neco and Syeda Haider. Before the Battle. The United States had just taken the Marshall, the Marianas, and the Caroline Islands
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HOW HAS THE BATTLE OF IWO JIMA BEEN PORTRAYED IN FILM OVER TIME? By: KimberleeNeco and SyedaHaider
Before the Battle • The United States had just taken the Marshall, the Marianas, and the Caroline Islands • U.S. occupation of these islands facilitated air raids as the islands provided launch/landing sites • Following U.S. victory at the battles of Kwajalein and Eniwetok, approximately 1000 Japanese reinforcements were sent to Iwo Jima • Iwo Jima was the last obstacle between America and the Japanese mainland; the Japanese were prepared to make their last stand here, while Americans were confident in their ability to obtain another victory.
The Battle of Iwo Jima • 22,000 Japanese troops under the command of Gen. Kuribayashi – could only defend the island • 30,000 Marines under the command of General Smith – US had already been bombing Iwo Jima for 2 months • Feb. 19 – Americans did not make much progress but cut the island in two • Feb. 20 – Americans attacked Mt. Suribachi; three days later, took the mountain • Americans lost 6,891 men, 18,070 wounded; out of the 22,000 Japanese soldiers, 212 were taken prisoner
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Flags of Our Fathers - 2006 • Dir. by Clint Eastwood; starring Ryan Phillippe and Adam Beach • In February 1945, the US Marines attacked the Japanese-held island of Iwo Jima • Joe Rosenthal was responsible for capturing the picture of the raising of the American flag on top of Mount Suribachi • The three survivors in the picture were brought home from the war to take on their role as “heros” • All three had been dramatically traumatized by the violent fighting and all three find different meanings of the word "hero."
Letters from Iwo Jima - 2006 • Dir. by Clint Eastwood; starring KAZUNARI NINOMIYA and Ken Watanabe • The Imperial Japanese Army is desperate to prevent the island from falling to the Americans • General Kuribayashi is given command of the Japanese forces on the island • Kuribayashi, however, does not follow traditional rigid approaches • Kuribayashi, however, does not follow traditional rigid approaches • As the Americans attack, both Kuribayashi and Saigo discover strength, honor, courage, and horros at "Sulphur Island."
Sands of Iwo Jima - 1949 • Dir. by Allan Dwan, starring John Wayne and John Agar • John Striker is a Sgt. who has been given the task of training young soldiers for the battle of Iwo Jima • His trainees are frustrated with his harsh and strict routines until they finally understand why he trains them as such • This movie shows the warring feelings and the bravery that soldiers face everyday
Historical Accuracy • Letters from Iwo Jima • Lack of chaos/squalor in cities • Too clean, inaccurate representation of battles/cities • Assertion of “no support” false (kamikazes) • Mistakes in the customs of the period • Doesn’t explain true motives of Japanese defense of the island • Rewriting someone else’s history Flags of Our Fathers • Battles scenes/trench warfare more realistic • Actual flag raising was accurate (2nd time) • Lack of minorities • American perspective
Historical Accuracy Continued • Sands of Iwo Jima • No enemy soldiers portrayed- bias • NO minorities • Battle scenes extremely unrealistic • Too clean; very little bloodshed • Facts mostly accurate (20,000 Japanese soldiers)
Emotional Impact • Letters from Iwo Jima has the most emotional impact because it shows universal humanity • Not only American flaws • Acknowledgement of the other’s humanity • Flags of Our Fathers has a strong emotional impact due to it’s radical new views on the term “hero” • Society’s definition vs. a soldier’s • Sands of Iwo Jima focuses more on the positive side of being a soldier • Although independent film, government propaganda is evident
Perspective and Bias • Sands of Iwo Jima does not even acknowledge the Japanese side of war; not one scene of a Japanese soldier • Flags of Our Fathers was solely based on the American perspective; created for this purpose unlike Sands • Letters from Iwo Jima was created for the purpose of highlighting and depicting the Japanese perspective of the Battle of Iwo Jima; did not completely achieve goals of non-bias • American perspective still evident • Japanese soldiers still depicted as more animalistic • America is still “good” and shown in a idolized light