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Water

Water. About Water. Water - the basis of life Sine aqua vita rain - water of life foundation . This idea fully reflects the importance of water for life on our planet.

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Water

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  1. Water

  2. AboutWater Water - the basis oflife • Sine aqua vita rain - wateroflifefoundation. This idea fullyreflectstheimportanceofwaterforlife on our planet. • Wateristhe most common substance on Earth. Itisanessential part ofalllivingorganisms. Allorganismsdepend on it and shouldconsumeit in sufficientquantitiesfortheirlifetime. Thisisespeciallytrueforus. • Eachofusneeds a dailysupplyofabout 35-40 g ofwaterper 1 kg ofourweight (50kg = 2000g). A 10% lossofwatercausesseriousdisorders, such as heatstroke, hallucinations, orhigh body temperature. A reductionoftotal body water by 20% canbefatal. Withoutwaterwewould not evenbeable to use thefoodweeat to move nor evenbreathe.

  3. Whatiswater • Waterisatfirstglance a simplechemicalcompound. Onewatermoleculeformstwo hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, and thetotalformulais H2O. Itiscertainlythebestknownchemicalcompoundin theworld. Cleanwaterisa clear, colorless, odorless and tastelessliquid. Itmeltsat a temperatureof0°C and boilsat100°C. At 3.98°C, italso has thehighestdensity (1000 g.cm-1). • Wateristhe most commoncompoundfound on Earth and in natureitisnormallyfound in itsgaseous, liquid and solid states. It has a neutralpH. At 25°C it has a valueof 7.

  4. Water on Earth • Our planet iscalled "blue". 71% ofit´s surfaceiscovered by waterthatoccursnaturally as threestatesofmatter:• As a liquid such as groundwaterandsurfacewater in streamsandoceans, lakes, etc.• As a gas in theformof humidity, steam, fog,etc.• As a solid in theformofice and snow. • TheEarth has about 1.4 millioncubicmetersofwater. 97.5% ofwhichis salt water (ocean, andtheso-calledtransitional, orbrackishgroundwater), andonly 2.5% isfreshwater. Twothirdsofthefreshwaterisfrozen, sothereisonlylessthanonepercent, ofalltheliquidwater on Earth, to beusedforhumanconsumption, industryandagriculture, which by itselfconsumestwo-thirdsforcultivationandfoodproduction.

  5. Drinkingwater • Drinkingwaterislegallydefined as waterthatis safe. Safe iswhendurableconsumptiondoes not cause diseaseorotherhealthdisordersdue to the presence ofmicroorganismsorothersubstancesthatproduceacute, chronicorlateeffects to humanhealthanditsprogeny. Itiswater, thesensorycharacteristicspunishablequalityandpreventits use fordrinkingandsanitaryneeds. Drinkingwatercanbeobtainedthroughtwomethods - cleaningandchemicaltreatmentofsurfacewaterorpumpingofthenaturallyprotected underground sources.

  6. Sustainabledevelopment • Sustainable development is a pattern of resource use that aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment. Thegoalisthat these needs can be met not only in the present, but also for generations to come. • Sustainable development ties together concerns forthecarryingcapacity of natural systems with the social challenges facing humanity. • Ecologists have pointed to TheLimitsofGrowth,and presented the alternative of a „steadystateeconomy" in order to address environmental concerns. • The field of sustainable development can be conceptually broken into three constituent parts: environmentalsustainability,economicsustainabilityandsociapolitical sustainability.

  7. The retreat of theAletschGlacier in the Swissalpsisthought to bedue to globalwarming. • (in 1979, 1991, 2002) • Deforestation and increased road-building in theAmazon Rainforestaresignificant concerns, because theybothincreasehumanencroachmentuponwildernessareasandthreaten thebiodiversity.

  8. Waterconservation • The goals of water conservation efforts include thefollowing: • Sustainability:To ensure availability for future generations. The withdrawal of fresh water from an ecosystem should not exceed its natural replacement rate. • Energy conservation:Water pumping, waterdelivery, and wastewater treatment facilities consume a significant amount of energy. In some regions of the worldover 15% of total electricity consumption is devoted to water management (for example California). • Habitat conservation:Minimizing human water use helps to preserve fresh water habitats for local wildlife and migrating waterfowl, as well as reducing the need to build new dams and other water diversion infrastructures.

  9. Mineralwater MineralWater • Naturalmineralwaterismicrobiologicallyperfectlypurewaterobtainedfrom underground sourcesofnaturalmineralwater. Howismineralwaterdifferentfromordinarydrinkingwater? • Theoriginalmicrobiologicalpurityfromthesource has a characteristicandconstantinitialamountofmineralsandtraceelements. Thecontractormustclearlydemonstratethatthewatercompositionisbeneficial to humanbeings, andthatitnaturallycontainsan element thatthe body needsforsuccessfuldevelopmentandthatitmeetsthestrictstandards.

  10. Do youknowwhatyou drink? • The label muststatethenameofthe source, indicatingthecollectionsites, and anymethodofwatertreatment (iftreatmentisdifferentthanfiltering), thecharacteristiccompositionofthemineralwaterwithanindicationofthelevelsofcarbon dioxide, as well as thenameoftheaccreditedlaboratorythatperformedtheanalysisofthemineralwater. Packaged and stored as food • Mineralwateris a foodand as a fooditmustbetreatedlike a food. It´s storageisoverseen by theStateAgricultureandFoodInspectionagencieswhichcarryouttheregularqualitychecks on allfoodproducts.

  11. ReservoirOlesna • OlesnaReservoirislocatedatthesouthwesternedgeofFrydek-Mistek. Constructionofthe dam took place between 1960 and 1964 on theriverOlesna. First a pondwasbuilt to supplywaterforlocalindustry and as a protectionsafegaurdagainstflooding. Latercamethebanksofthereservoir and a recreation area with camping and seasonalrestaurants. Thewatersurfacedams are alsousedforfishfarming. To thewestofthelakethere are therisingPalkovickéhillsand to thesouthofthe dam thereis a nice viewofthe Beskydy Mountains. In 2005, on thenorthwesternshoreofthereservoir, the city Olesnaopened a newlybuiltwater park forthepublic. • ThereservoirOlesna has anearthrockfill dam, whichis 393 meterslongand 18 metershigh. Thewatersurfacecoversan area of 87 hectaresandissituatedatanaltitudeof 315 meters.

  12. Water tank SilesianHarta Basic factsofSilesianHarta: • Thetotal tank volumeis 219 millioncubicmeters. • Itisusedforswimming, recreation, fishing, drinkingwater, watersports and sailing. • Itistheninethlargestresevoir in the Czech Republic.

  13. Kružberk dam • Thewatertank, on the Moravice river inKružberk, wasbuiltbetween 1948-1955. Itwasthe first storage reservoir inthe Opava region. • Theoriginalintentionwasprimarily to makeuse oftheenergy thatflows fromtheMoravice. Itwas alsointended to providea supplyofwaterforindustrial use in Ostrava. Lateritwasdecided to beusedonlyfordrinkingwater. • After the construction of reservoirs located in theSilesian Harta area, itwasused to ensure the supply of raw water for thewaterworks in Podhradíwithsufficientquantity and quality. Itwasalsobelievedthatitwouldcreate better conditions for life in thestreamsdespitethe industrial use ofthem.

  14. Itisdesigned to provide a constantsupplyofwater, withproper pressure, tothe watertreatmentplant inPodhradí. It´sconduit has a length of6.6km with a diameter of 2.4 metersat it´s end.Italsoprovidesthe water treatment plant,duringpeak powertimes, with an installed capacity of 7 MW (megawatts) ofelectricpower.

  15. The dam has facilities for monitoringanydeformation and movement ofthe dam blocks,theefficiencyofthedrainagewells,and other importantparameters. These help to guarantee thesafe operation of thedam. TheConcrete Gravity dam has a totalcapacity of 92,700 cubic meters, and is founded directlyinto the bedrock. The sealing of the soil was made by a single-row grout curtainat a depth of 25 to 30 meters.

  16. Wastewatertreatmentplant •  A wastewatertreatmentplantisaninstallationwhich has a sewageplant.They are manily divided by thesizeandthe type ofsewageprocessing. • Wastewater • Wastewateriswaterwhosequality has beenexacerbated by humanactivities.Waterpollutioncanbeformed by dissolvedorsuspendedsolids. • In most casesthewastemustbetreatedbeforeitcanbedischargedbackintothewaterways.

  17. Typesofwastewater • Municipalwastewateroriginatesfromeverydayhumanactivities. Itcomesfromhouseholds, • schools, offices, tradesmen, industry, etc.. • Waterpollutionisoneofthebiggestproblems in thecontemporaryworld. Many people are unable to haveaccess to safe drinkingwater. Pollutionofourriversandreservoirsfromcorporategreedisdeterioratingthequalityofouraquaticecosystemsandtheecosystemswhich are connected to them. Waterpollutioncanalso limit themethodsofwastewatertreatment. • Industrialwastewaterisproduced by industrialenterprises.Theextentandnatureofwaterpollutiondepends on the type ofindustry, andtheproductiontechnologiesused. Industrialwastewaterispurifiedeitherdirectlyatthecompanyorexternally.

  18. Charles Fountain • Charles Fountain (800 m) isthehighestvillage in thedistrictof Bruntál. Itlies on theeasternsideofthemountain Praděd, in theJesinikymountains. Itis a well-knownmountainholiday resort and ishomeof a wellknownspa. Nowadays, onecanclearlysaythatshe has someofthecleanest air in the Czech Republic. • The Charles FountainSpaoriginated in 1785 in theoldminingtownHubertov. Thefirstspabuildingswere a guest house, Bezruc, and thePrincely House. Today'surbancoreconservation area consistsofwoodenbathhouses in classical Empire style. Theywerebuiltduringthe 1800´s. Thistypicalarchitecturegives Charles Fountain a uniqueatmosphere. Thechapelof St. Hubert , whichwas bulit in 1758, isalsolocatedhere. Thereisanattractive natural waterfall and in thevillage, calledHubertov, thereis a huntinglodge.

  19. Allthelocalspringshave a highproportionofcarbon dioxide due to thepeatbogs in thesurrounding area. The Spas are suitableforthetreatmentofoncologicaldiseases, highbloodpressure, and vasculardiseases. Somepeoplecomehere to betreatedformotionsickness, joint pain, and spinal problems. Itisanideallocationforthetreatmentofrespiratorytractinfections, such as chronicinflammationofthethroat, sinuses, vocalcords, and lungs. Visitors are welcome to drink theHealingSprings in thedrinkinghall, whereWilhelm'sspringflows, or in the house namedLibuse. • The Charles Fountainspaalsooffersidealconditionsforhiking. Hereyouwillfindbeautifultrailsformountainbiking and in wintersnowconditions are excellent. There are various ski lifts and ski areasin thevicinity.

  20. HydroelectricPower Station Dlouhé Stráně

  21. Location: Corners of the Desna • River: Wild Desna • Elevation of the generator room: 767.20 m • Construction of the plantstarted: 1978 • First Release Date: 1996 • Popularity: Itis the biggest tourist attraction in Moravia.

  22. Environmental impact of the construction and operation of the power station • Theentire technology is located underground. • The technologyisused withoutcausing negative sideeffects on theenvironment. • Alloftheservice water is purified. • Landscape intervention, caused by the construction of the power station, hasn´t had a negative impact on the surrounding ecosystem. • The recultivation, which followed the construction, incorporated the power station intoit´ssurroundings.

  23. The uper reservoir – significant tourist spot • Altitude of 1,350 m MASL – The beautiful scenery of theJeseniky Mountains

  24. Thankyouforyourattention. Comenius Opava

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